antibiotic basics Flashcards
1
Q
what are the two types of antibiotic usage?
A
prophylaxis (prevention)
for treatment
2
Q
what makes an ideal antibiotic?
A
non-toxic
rapid distribution
long-half life
convenient and cheap
low chance of resistance
3
Q
what is empiric therapy?
A
treatment given before identifying the microbe
4
Q
what are the benefits of combination therapy?
A
may make drugs work better (synergy)
good for polymicrobial infections
good for empiric therapy
5
Q
what are the negatives of combination therapy?
A
may make drugs perform worse (antagonism)
more costly
creates more likelihood for side-effects and drug interactions
6
Q
what are some factors to consider when choosing an antibiotic?
A
- activity against the isolated/suspected bacteria
- acute vs chronic disease
- recent antibiotic history
- site of infection
- local rates of resistance
- mode of administration
- toxicity
- cost
- accompanying medications
- duration of treatment
- patients metabolism and excretion
7
Q
what are some contributing factors in antibiotic resistance?
A
inadequate levels
incorrect duration
overuse
frequent exposure
