Henry VIII: Key terms Flashcards
The Act of Liberties and Franchises
- 1536
- Removed powers of regional nobles, ensured more consistent application of law (Cromwell)
Act of Union with Wales
- 1536
- Centralised the power of the crown
- re-organised local government
- extension of royal authority (Cromwell)
Cromwell’s reforms
aim was to:
- reform the law
- to set up a Puritan Church
- to promote education
- to reform administration
- resistance of the lawyers dampened his enthusiasm for law reform
- able to appoint good judges both in England and Ireland
privy council:
- Professional one with 29 trained lawyers and bureaucrats rather than nobility
Court of Augmentations
Controlled ex church land and finances
Court of General Surveyors
Ex monastic land and finances
Court of First Fruits and Tenths
Collected money previously sent to Rome
Court of wards
Feudal right to collect from estate of a minor
Act of supremacy 1534
Henry becomes head of church and state
Act of supremacy 1534
Henry becomes head of church and state
A ‘King-in-Parliament’
Bureaucratic gov, functions varied out by Parliament rather than king alone.
The Act in Restraint of Appeals
1533
start of process that effectively transferred the power of the Catholic Church to the king
The Act annexing the First Fruits and Tenths to the Crown
- Annates paid to the Pope now paid to the King
- financial burden for clergy
- strengthen royal supremacy
The Treason Act 1534
act that said it was punishable by death to deny that the king was the sole head of the church
The Treason Act 1534
act that said it was punishable by death to deny that the king was the sole head of the church
Wolseys national survey 1522
Asses who could pay tax and how much, gained £200,000 in forced loans.
The Amicable Grant 1525
- Demanded priests to pay 1/3 and others 1/6
- had 10 weeks to find money
- Raise money to invade France
- No approval from parliament
- caused a rebellion
Recoinage 1526
- New coins and reduced silver in coins
- Internationally confusing
- price increases as money lost value
- Artificial boom but long term costs to living standards
The Valour Ecclesiasticus 1535
so he would know how much wealth the Church had in England and Wales and how much he could take
used this before the dissolution of the monasteries so he could decide which ones to close
Cromwell’s Royal Injunctions to the clergy 1538
Relics removed from churches
The Matthew Bible 1537
Distinctly Protestant
Act of Six Articles 1539
- Confirmed transubstantiation
- moved towards Catholicism
- denial meant burning
Act of Ten Articles 1536
7 sacraments of Catholic Church rejected
Renewal of Medina Del Campo 1510
Henry married Catherine
Invasion of France 1512
International alliance against France allies with Spain to take area south-west of France- failed, embarrassment
1513 Battle of the Spurs
Take Therouanne and Tournai, ends in treaty
Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
Henry gives up claim to French throne and promises Mary I to Louis XII
Keeps land and gets annual payment.
Battle of Flodden 1513
Battle of Flodden 1513
Catherine sons 30,000 men with Thomas Howard to meet James, James IV killed and 10,000 Scots
Treaty of Noyon 1516
Peace between France and Spain
Treaty of Cambrai 1517
1517
Peace between HRE and France, Duke of Albany sent to stir relations with Scot and Eng
Treaty of London 1518
General European peace, each country signed with England, upstaged pope.
Field of the Cloth of Gold 1520
Henry meets with Francis I swore brotherly love and equality demonstrated strength and chivalry,
cost 15,000
Treaty of Bruges 1521
Secret Anglo-Spanish treaty promising to declare war on France in 1522
Battle of Pavia 1525
Francis I was defeated and captured by Spain
Anti-imperial league of cognac 1526
Wolsey becomes peace maker, tries to form connections whilst remaining neutral, wanted to pressure Charles into being more reasonable.
Sack of Rome (1527)
a military event carried out by the mutinous troops of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor in Rome, then part of the Papal States
Treaty of Aimens
England make alliance with France against Spain/ HRE
Peace of Cambrai 1529
French defeated by HRE
Schmalkaldic League 1531
1531
Protestant alliance formed by Lutherans against the Holy Roman Empire
Silken Thomas Rebellion 1536
- Son of Earl of Kildare rebels after death of father
- Announces support of pope and Charles V
- Him and 5 uncles arrested
- royal authority established over Ireland
The Truce of Nice 1538
Alliance between Charles V and Francis I- Catholic countries allied.
James V married Mary of Guise
Scot and French alliance
Solway Moss 1542
Duke of Norfolk to attack the Scots, defeated 1000 prisoners
Treaty of Greenwich 1543
Marriage alliance with Mary Queen of Scots and Edward
Treaty of Ardres (1546)
Anglo-French treaty in which Henry is to keep Boulogne for 8 years and then return it for 2 million ecus 1554
The ‘rough wooing’
Angered by rejection of Greenwich did series of raids in border region
