Elizabeth I: Catholic threat Flashcards
1
Q
Recusancy
A
catholics who have rebelled against the religious settlement
2
Q
What was brought in 1581 to stop recusancy?
A
A £20 fine (£8,500 today)
3
Q
When were all Seminary Priests forced to leave England?
A
1585
- some didn’t leave: 98 of them were murdered
4
Q
When did Mary Queen of Scots arrive in England?
A
1568
5
Q
what was Elizabeth’s relation to Mary QOS
A
cousins
6
Q
rebellion of the Northern Earls causes
A
- it was Mary Queen of Scot arriving to England for refuge which encouraged the rebellions
- Earls in the north were all catholic - Elizabeth was afraid of the power of Percys (Westmoreland and Northumberland)
- Thomas Percy: motivated by religion but mostly power - risked everything for this rebellion
- Elizabeth had bullied and pushed the northern earls over the edge
7
Q
rebellion of the Northern Earls events
A
- November 1569
- catholic threat
- Charles Nevil and Thomas Percy marched into Durham cathedral with 4600 men and rip up the prayer book
- Tore up and burnt the puritan and protestant prayer books
- A Catholic Mass was then celebrated – an act that was illegal in England and Wales
- They expected other noblemen would join them, but Elizabeth ordered the southern earls to fight against them (Earl of Sussex)
8
Q
Rebellion of the northern earls result
A
- Elizabeth savagely punished them
- There was at least one execution in every village
- Percy was executed in York in 1572
- Northumberland was captured, handed back to the English in 1572, and executed
- Not enough evidence against Norfolk to charge him with treason
- Westmoreland escaped to Flanders
- 800 of the rebels were also executed
- an unsuccessful attempt by Catholic nobles from Northern England to depose Queen Elizabeth I of England and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots
- 1571 introduced treason acts - made it an offence to deny Elizabeth as queen of England
9
Q
when was the excommunication of Elizabeth
A
Feb 1570
10
Q
What was the Papal Bull
A
- Catholic threat
- 25 February 1570
- A letter from the Pope announcing that Elizabeth would no longer be seen as Queen because she was protestant
11
Q
The Ridolfi plot events
A
- 1571
- catholic Italian banker and a spy for the pope
- also involved Spanish ambassador, De Spues; the Duke of Norfolk
- He launched a plot to overthrow the Queen and marry MQOS to Norfolk
- He met with the pope and Philip II to request Spanish invasion
- He presented them with a signed letter from Norfolk swearing his catholicism
12
Q
The Ridolfi plot result
A
- Cecil uncovered the plot and Norfolk’s involvement but Ridolfi never returned to England
- Elizabeth finally had Norfolk executed in 1572 but spared Mary
- The plot along with the previous papal bull showed the catholic threat was very serious
- Relations with France became a top priority to counter the Spanish threat
- Many catholics infiltrated England from 1574, hiding with catholic families and saying mass
- By 1581 fines for recusants was hiked up to £20
13
Q
The Throckmorton Plot
A
- 1583
- Walsingham heard rumours of plot with young English catholic Francis Throckmorton
- Throck arrested and tortured before confessing to plot in which France and Spain would invade England, release Mary and make her queen
- he was executed and marinas moved to more secure imprisonment
14
Q
The Babington plot 1586 finding out
A
- Walsingham spy network busy for 15 years before providing proof to Elizabeth of Mary’s direct involvement in a plot
- young English Catholic nobleman, Sir Anthony Babington, became the centre of a plot to assassinate Elizabeth and place Mary on the throne
- coded letters discovered between Abington and Mary offering to kill E and keeping her informed of the progress of the plot
15
Q
actions against the Babington plot
A
- August 1586
- Babington was arrested and under torture confessed to the plot
- he and six other plotters were executed, despite his offer of £1,000 to Elizabeth to spare him.
