HEME 2.6 Flashcards
Define anticoagulants
substances that prevent the synthesis of fibrin network which inhibits coagulation and the formation of thrombi
Define thrombolytics/fibrinolytics
substances that promote the destruction of already formed blood clots of thrombi by disrupting the FIBRIN MESH
define antiplatelets
drungs that reduce the adhesion and aggregation of platelets
define antifibrinolytics
drugs that promote the formation of clots and prevent excess bleeding
True or false: anticoagulants can create an immediate defect in clotting mechinism and should be treated with caution
TRUE
why must anticoagulants be monitored very closely
the range between sufficient therapy and hemorrhagic rist is narrow and varies considerably from patient to patient
what must be taken into consideration before starting anticoagulants
unrelated drugs can effect the dose of the anticoagulant needed
individual treatment and frequent laboratory tests are imparitive
what are the Four classes of anticoagulants
- indirect thrombin inhibitors (heparin)
- Coumarin anticoagulants (Warfarin)
- Direct thrombin inhibitors
- Directs factor X inhibitors
what is the makeup of Heparin
A mixture of heparins with a wide range of molecular weights
what are the two most common preparation of heparin
Unfractionated heparin (UHF – heparin sodium
Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) – Fragmin, innohep, lovenox
what is the mechanism Heperin uses to prevent clots
Heparin stimulates antithrombin III, which in turn neutralizes the activity of factor X
what does neutralizing the activity of Factor X accomplish
Prothrombin cannot be converted into Thrombin, which prevents the fibrin formation from fibrinogen
what has heparin been “dubbed” as
indirect Thrombin Inhibitor
besides neutralizing factor X, what else does heparin accomplish
stimulates heparin cofactor ll, which inhibits thrombin
how is unfractionated heparin (UHF) administered
typically by IV (bolus or infusion)
