HEME 1.8 final Flashcards
in both _____ and ________ Leukemias, there is a progressive accumulation of ________ white ablood cells in the bone marrow and other organs, which spill into the ________ blood
acute, chronic
abnormbal, peripheral
besides increased amounts of white blood cells, what other two symptoms do patients show with leukemia
Progressive bone marrow failure, therefore
Reduced number of RBC and megakaryocytes
what are the three cell types in the myeloid series
neutrophiles
eosinophils
basophils
what does osmotic fragility rest for
detect spherocytosis and elliptocytosis
what are the five main symptoms of acute myeloid leukemia and there causes
- Tiredness and shortness of breath - anemia
- increased susceptibility to infection -reduced WBC
- bruising and bleeding - reduction of platelets
- bone pain - accumulation of leuk cells in long bones
- Respritory and neurological symptons
what is the most common childhood leukemia (peak at 2-5 years)
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
what characterizes ALL
rapid growth of abnormal WBCs
what what ages does Chronic myeloid leukemia occure
between 40-60
what is the cause of Chronic myeloid leukemia
Presence of the philidelphia chrmosome (the exact chromosomal defect is a translocation in which parts of two chromosome, 9 and 22 swap placed
what does Philidelphia chromosome lead to an increase production of
Tyorsine kinase
what are the three main phases of CML
-Chronic phase (85% of patients
-Accelerated phase - increased symptoms, treatment less
effective
-Blast phase - rapid progression, and short survival
what is the most common Leukemia among adults
Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukemia (CLL)
what characterizes CLL
accumulation of cancerous cells in the bone marrow, spleen, liver, and lymph nodes
Lymphomas
Study slides 38-41
