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z_A&P II: BIO426 > Heart Anatomy > Flashcards

Heart Anatomy Flashcards

Learn the external and internal anatomy of the heart.

1
Q

ID: 1

A

Myocardium

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2
Q

ID: 2

A

Endocardium

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3
Q

ID: 3

A

Epicardium

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4
Q

ID: 4

A

Pericardial Sac

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5
Q

ID: 1

A

Left Ventricle

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6
Q

ID: 2

A

Interventricular Septum

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7
Q

ID: 3

A

Right Ventricle

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8
Q

Describe: 1

A

Deoxigenated blood enters right atrium from superior and inferior venae cavae.

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9
Q

Describe: 2

A

Blood in right atrium flows through right AV (Tricuspid) valve into right ventricle.

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10
Q

Describe: 3

A

Contraction of right ventricle forces pulmonary valve open

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11
Q

Describe: 4

A

Blood flows through the pulmonary valve into pulmonary trunk.

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12
Q

Describe: 5

A

Blood is distributed by right and left pulmonary arteries to lungs, where it unloads CO2 and loads O2.

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13
Q

Describe: 6

A

Oxygenated blood returns from lungs via pulmonary veins to left atrium.

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14
Q

Describe: 7

A

Blood in left atrium flows through left AV (bicuspid) valve into left ventricle.

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15
Q

Describe: 8

A

Contraction of left ventricle forces aortic valve open.

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16
Q

Describe: 9

A

Blood flows through the aortic valve into ascending aorta.

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17
Q

Describe: 10

A

Blood in aorta is distributed to every organ in the body, where it unloads O2 and loads CO2.

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18
Q

Describe: 11

A

Deoxygenated blood returns to right atrium via venae cave.

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19
Q

Give a simple 6 step description of blood flow.

A
  1. Blood enters the right atrium through vena cavae.
  2. Blood travels through tricuspid valve into right ventricle.
  3. Blood travels through pulmonary valve out to the lungs via the pulmonary arteries.
  4. Blood returns through pulmonary veins to left atrium.
  5. Blood passes through bicuspid valve to the left ventricle.
  6. Blood passes through the aortic valve to the aorta.
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20
Q

The two heart valves that are not connecting atria to ventricles are called the…

A

Aortic valve and Pulmonary valve

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21
Q

ID: 1

A

Aorta

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22
Q

ID: 2

A

Right pulumonary artery

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23
Q

ID: 3

A

Superior vena cava

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24
Q

ID: 4

A

Right pulumonary veins

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25
Q

ID: 5

A

Interatrial septum

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26
Q

ID: 6

A

Right atrium

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27
Q

ID: 7

A

Right atrioventricular (AV) valve or tricuspid valve

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28
Q

ID: 8

A

Teindinous cords

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29
Q

ID: 9

A

Right ventricle

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30
Q

ID: 10

A

Inferior vena cava

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31
Q

ID: 11

A

Left pulmonary artery

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32
Q

ID: 12

A

Pulmonary trunk

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33
Q

ID: 13

A

Left pulmonary veins

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34
Q

ID: 14

A

Pulmonary valve

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35
Q

ID: 15

A

Left atrium

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36
Q

ID: 16

A

Aortic valve

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37
Q

ID: 17

A

Left atrioventricular (AV) valve or biscuspid valve

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38
Q

ID: 18

A

Left ventricle

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39
Q

ID: 19

A

Papillary muscle

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40
Q

ID: 20

A

Interventricular septum

41
Q

ID: 21

A

Endocardium

42
Q

ID: 22

A

Myocardium

43
Q

ID: 23

A

Epicardium

44
Q

ID: 1

A

Aortic arch

45
Q

ID: 2

A

Superior vena cava

46
Q

ID: 3

A

Right pulmonary artery

47
Q

ID: 4

A

Right pulmonary veins

48
Q

ID: 5

A

Right auricle

49
Q

ID: 6

A

Right atrium

50
Q

ID: 7

A

Coronary sulcus

51
Q

ID: 8

A

Right ventricle

52
Q

ID: 9

A

Inferior vena cava

53
Q

ID: 10

A

Ligamentum arteriosum

54
Q

ID: 11

A

Ascending aorta

55
Q

ID: 12

A

Left pulmonary artery

56
Q

ID: 13

A

Pulmonary trunk

57
Q

ID: 14

A

Left pulmonary veins

58
Q

ID: 15

A

Left auricle

59
Q

ID: 16

A

Anterior interventricular sulcus

60
Q

ID: 17

A

Left ventricle

61
Q

ID: 18

A

Apex

62
Q

ID: 1

A

Aorta

63
Q

ID: 2

A

Left pulmonary artery

64
Q

ID: 3

A

Left pulmonary veins

65
Q

ID: 4

A

Left atrium

66
Q

ID: 5

A

Coronary sulcus

67
Q

ID: 6

A

Coronary sinus

68
Q

ID: 7

A

Left ventricle

69
Q

ID: 8

A

Apex

70
Q

ID: 9

A

Superior vena cava

71
Q

ID: 10

A

Right pulmonary artery

72
Q

ID: 11

A

Right pulmonary veins

73
Q

ID: 12

A

Right atrium

74
Q

ID: 13

A

Inferior vena cava

75
Q

ID: 14

A

Posterior interventricular sulcus

76
Q

ID: 15

A

Right ventricle

77
Q

The SA node is also known as the…

A

Sinoatrial node

78
Q

The AV node is also known as the…

A

Atrioventricular node

79
Q

The AV bundle is also known as the…

A

Atrioventricular bundle

80
Q

The intrinsic conduction system is also known as the

A

cardiac conduction system

81
Q

The intrinsic conduction system is responsible for regulating…

A

the heart beat

82
Q

The ____ node is the pacemaker of the heart.

A

SA node

83
Q

Describe the intrinsic conduction cycle

A
  1. SA node in upper right atrium fires
  2. Excitation flows through the atrial myocardium
  3. AV node in lower right atrium fires
  4. Excitation spreads down AV bundle
  5. Subendocardial conducting network distributes excitation through ventricular myocardium
84
Q

Define Systole

A

The contraction of the heart muscle

85
Q

Define Diastole

A

The relaxation of the heart muscle

86
Q

What are the four steps of the cardiac cycle?

A
  1. Veintricular filling
  2. Isovolumetric contraction
  3. Ventricular ejection
  4. Isovoumetric relaxation
87
Q

Cardiac cycle:

Explain Ventricle Filling

A
  • Blood flows passively into atria
  • Atrial contraction (atrial systole)
  • AV valves open
  • Semilunar valves close
  • Ventricle is in diastole (relaxation)
  • Causes ventricles to fill with blood
88
Q

Cardiac cycle:

Explain Isometric Contraction

A
  • No change in volume
  • creates high pressure
  • forces semilunar valves to open
  • blood leaves ventricle
89
Q

Cardiac cycle:

Explain Ventricle Ejection

A
  • Ventricles contract
  • Close AV valves (1st sound of heart)
  • Atria in diastole
90
Q

Cardiac cycle:

Explain Isovolumetric Relaxation

A
  • Blood leaves ventricle
  • Pressure drops
  • Semilunar valves close (2nd sound of heart)
  • Results in ventricular diastole (relaxation)
91
Q

Cardiac Output:

Measures the effectiveness of…

A

heart contractions

92
Q

Define Cardiac Output

A

The amount of blood pumped out of the heart in 1 minute.

93
Q

Define Heart Rate

A

The number of times the heart contracts in one minute.

94
Q

Stroke Volume:

Define EDV

A

End Diastolic Volume: Blood that is in the ventricle before contraction.

95
Q

Stroke Volume:

Define ESV

A

End Systolic Volume: Amount of blood left in heart after contraction.

96
Q

Stroke Volume:

What is Starling’s “Law of the Heart”

A

SV=EDV-ESV

97
Q

What two factors determine Cardiac Output?

A

Stroke Volume (SV) and Heart Rate (HR)

98
Q

What is the formula for CO?

A

CO=(SV)(HR)

z_A&P II: BIO426 (31 decks)

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