Ch 21: Lymphatic System Flashcards
What are the three functions of the lymphatic system?
- Fluid return
- Immunity
- Lipid absorption
Capillary beds lose fluid which goes into _____ tissues.
interstitial
___ % of blood fluid is returned to the venous side of the capillary beds.
85%
__ % of blood crossing the capillary bed is lost to interstitial tissues.
15%
The fluid lost in in the capillary beds is called…
interstitial fluid
What system manages interstitial fluid?
Lymphatic
Lymph vessels filter interstitial tissue to remove _______.
microbes
Lipid absorbtion occurs in…
the digestive tract
What are the two main parts to the Lymphatic System?
- Lymph
- Lymphatic vessels
True or False
The Lymphatic System is a closed system.
False.
It picks up and drops off but does not circulate through itself like the Cardiovascular System
What are the four types of lymphatic vessels?
- Capillaries
- Collecting vessels
- Lymphatic trunks
- Collecting ducts
Lymphalic capillaries pick up fluid from the…
capilary bed
Describe the epithelial layer of lymphatic capillaries.
- single layer of cells
- allows for easy diffusion
- cells form shingles and leave large gaps to allow larger particles through
Lymphatic capillaries have a _______ membrane.
discontinuous
Lymphatic capillaries converge to form…
collecting vessels
Collecting vessels run parallel to…
arteries and veins
Collecting vessels carry lymph through ______ which filter lymph.
nodes
Lymph nodes filter for…
- microbes
- cellular debris
- chemicals
The lymphatic system filters fluid and then…
returns it to the blood stream
Collecting vessels converge to form…
Lymphatic trunks
The purpose of lymphatic trunks is to…
collect fluid from regions of the body
All lymphatic trunks coverge into 1 of 2…
Collecting ducts
What are the names of the two collecting ducts?
Right lymphatic duct and Thoracic duct
The right collecting duct collects fluid from…
- right jugular trunk
- right subclavian trunk
- broncomediastinal trunk
The right collecting duct empties into the…
Right subclavian vein
The thoracic duct collects fluid from…
Below the diaphragm
- Lumbar
- Intestinal
- Left jugular
- Left subclavian
The thoracic duct empties into the…
Left subclavian vein
True or False
Lymphatic fluid is moved by the lymphatic pump
False.
There is no such thing as a lymphatic pump
What 4 ways is lymphatic fluid moved through the vessels?
- Muscle pumps (contractions of skeletal muscles)
- Contraction of lymph vessels (like veins)
- Arterial pulsation (by proximity)
- Respiratory pump (expansion and contraction of diaphragm)
What are the 6 types of Lyphatic cells and which one is not a leukocyte?
- Dendritic cells
- Reticular cells (non-leukocyte)
- B-lymphocyte
- T-lymphocyte
- Monocyte
- Natural Killer cells
What is a natural killer cell?
A large lymphocyte that destroys bacteria, microbes and foreign cells (ex. as from organ transplants causing rejection)
The “T” in T-lymphocyte stands for…
thymus
T-cells mature in…
the thymus
B-cells mature in…
bone
What type of cell is a Macrophage is ________, which means it engulfs and breaks down foreign objects.
phagocytotic
A dendritic cell is found in the _______ and _______ membranes and gets rid of _______.
epidermis
mucus
microbes
Reticular cells are found in…
connective tissue
What are the two types of lymphatic tissue?
- Diffuse lymphatic tissue
- Lymphatic nodules
Does diffuse lymphatic tissue have a high or low concentration of lymphocytes?
low
Where is Diffuse lymphatic tissue found?
Give examples
Where there is access to the external.
Tonsils, respiratory tract, digestive tract
The most common type of diffuse lymphatic tissue is known as _____, which stands for…
MALT
Mucus Associated Lymphatic Tissue
Do lymphatic nodules have a high or low concentration of lymphocytes?
High
Lymphatic nodules form when…
needed
In the small intestine, lymphatic nodules are also known as
Peyer Patches
Peyer Patches are looking for…
microbes in your food supply
Where are some places lymphatic nodules are found?
appendix, small intestine, urinary tract
What are the two types of lymphatic organs?
- Primary
- Secondary
What is the definition of a primary lymphatic organ?
They are the sites of maturation of Lyphocytes
In what two places do lympocytes mature?
- Red bone marrow
- Thymus
Red bone marrow has _______ cells that can become whtie or red blood cells.
Homopoietic stem cells
The thymus secretes a chemical called _______ that promotes the development and activity of T-cells
thymosine
What is the definition of secondary lymphatic organs?
Organs that mature lymphocytes migrate to where they can find their specific antigen.
Give 3 examples of secondary lymphatic organs
- lymph nodes
- tonsils
- spleen
The spleen is the largest _______ and filters _______.
secondary lymphatic organ
blood
The spleen has __ regions called…
2
white pulp and red pulp
In the white pulp of the spleen, lymphocytes are…
waiting to find their antigens
What occurs within the red pulp of the spleen?
- houses extra RBCs to be used when/if more are needed
- removes/destroys sick/dying RBCs
