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grade 11 > Healthcare test #3 > Flashcards

Healthcare test #3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the folds in the stomach called?

A

Rugae

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2
Q

What is the term used for the movement of food down the alimentary canal?

A

peristalsis

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3
Q

What is the medical term for swallowing?

A

Deglutition

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4
Q

The pathway that food travels from mouth to anus is called

A

the alimentary canal

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5
Q

What is the medical term for chewing called?

A

Mastification

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6
Q

What statements are true about fibre?

A

Prepares waste
You need 30g per day

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7
Q

Small intestines

A

Absorbs nutrients
Has villi
6.5m long

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8
Q

The large intestine

A

Is thicker than small intestines but not longer
Is also known as the colon
Absorbs water and prepares waste

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9
Q

The liver

A

Produces bile
Detoxifies food

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10
Q

Gall bladder

A

Stores bile
Breaks down fat using lipase
Releases excess bile that hardens into stones

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11
Q

Metabolism

A

The burning of calories
Can increase with weight training
Can increase by eating more often in small amounts

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12
Q

What mineral in hemoglobins responsible for carrying oxygen to cells

A

iron

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13
Q

What is true about the parotid gland?

A

It is one of the salivary glands
When it’s inflamed its called mumps

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14
Q

Which mineral is responsible for regulating blood pressure?

A

Sodium

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15
Q

The ANDI scale is used to

A

tell us the nutrient density of a food

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16
Q

The definition of taking in food is

A

Ingestion

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17
Q

The definition of eliminating food is

A

Egestion

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18
Q

HDL

A

Good for cholesterol that clears arteries and it has high density lipoprotein

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19
Q

Vitamin K

A

Promotes blood clotting, synthesis of protein

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19
Q

LDL

A

Bad cholesterol that clogs arteries, low density lipoprotein

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20
Q

Vitamin A

A

Helps with cell growth, skin, hair, tissues, and helps with vision

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21
Q

Vitamin E

A

Protects cells

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22
Q

Vitamin C

A

Helps resist infection, antioxidant

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23
Q

Vitamin D

A

Helps control infection
Reduce inflammation
Helps bones and teeth
Get from sunlight
Can be obtained from dairy products and eggs

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24
Q

Vitamin B

A

Building proteins, red blood cells, nerves,
improves metabolism
helps with vision

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25
Q

What is the role of the esophageal sphincter?

A

To prevent backflow of food from stomach to esophagus

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26
Q

What is the truth of the flap at the back of mouth?

A

To prevent food from entering trachea instead of esophagus, and it is the epiglottis

27
Q

What is the role of the pyloric sphincter?

A

To prevent backflow of food from small intestines to stomach

28
Q

What is the role of the uvula?

A

To prevent back flow of food in nasal cavity

29
Q

Accessory organs

A

Helps breakdown food and eliminate toxins we consume

30
Q

Healthy nutrition includes which of the following?

A

Eating variety of foods
avoiding processed foods
Eating many small healthy meals all day

31
Q

Which of the following statements are true of macronutrients?

A

Protein, fat and carbohydrates are all examples
you need them in large amounts

32
Q

Which statements are not true?

A

Antibiotics only enter our body when we take them when sick

33
Q

Water does all of the following except

A

Dehydrates us

34
Q

Which statements are not true about carbohydrates

A

You need 25-30% in your diet
They are made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen

35
Q

The teenage male requires how many calories?

A

2700-3100 calories per day

36
Q

The hormone that regulates sugar in our cells is called

A

Insulin

37
Q

Which of the following is true about the colon

A

Superior part across is transverse colon, it is called the large intestines

38
Q

What is true about the stomach?

A

It contains gastric juice of hydrochloric acid and enzymes

39
Q

What is true about the kidneys?

A

They create urine and remove waste
You can live with just one

40
Q

What is true about the pancreas?

A

It is affected by diabetes
It produces insulin a hormone that regulates sugar
It is an accessory organ

41
Q

What is the small organ on the right side of the body on the most inferior end of the large intestines?

A

Appendix

42
Q

Which macronutrient do the foods consist mostly of?

A

Carbohydrates

43
Q

Which macronutrient do the foods (meat and cheese) mostly consist of?

A

Fat and protein

44
Q

What is not true about momentum?

A

Helps with the production of insulin

45
Q

What is true about the liver?

A

It can stop working after abuse of toxins
its superior to the gallbladder
it can regenerate

46
Q

What body type is skinny?

A

Ectomorph

47
Q

What is not true about protein?

A

Pepsin breaks it down in the gallbladder,
about 35% of your diet should have protein
amylase breaks it down in the stomach

48
Q

What is Not True about fat?

A

Polyunsaturated is the healthiest, 30% of your diet should be any kind of fat

49
Q

Lipids break down what in the gallbladder?

A

fat

50
Q

Stomatitis

A

Inflammation of the mouth

51
Q

Gastroenteritis

A

Inflammation of the stomach

52
Q

Hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver

53
Q

Parotitis

A

Inflammation of one of the salivary glands

54
Q

Chyme

A

Stomach contents and gastric juice

55
Q

Crohn’s disease

A

Inflammation of the intestines

55
Q

Gastric juice

A

Hydrochloric acid and enzymes

56
Q

Heartburn

A

Stretching of esophagus

57
Q

Hypoactivity

A

Low acid in stomach

58
Q

Hyper activity

A

High acid in stomach

59
Q

Flatulence

A

Excessive gas

60
Q

Bolus

A

Food and saliva mixed in mouth

61
Q

What is the difference between vitamins and minerals?

A

Vitamins: organic (living things) substances that regulate body processes like digestion, metabolism, and absorption. There’s two types of vitamins:
water soluble: dissolves in water vitamins B (metabolism, vision, cell growth, building protein) C (fighting infections)
Fat soluble: stored in fat, not soluble
Vitamins A (skin, hair, tissue, cell growth), D (bone, teeth), E (protects red blood cells), K (blood clotting, protein synthesis)

Minerals: inorganic (non-living) substances that regulate vital body processes like:
- formation of bones and teeth (calcium, phosphate, and magnesium)
-production of red blood cells (iron and copper)
-maintain water balance ( sodium and potassium)

Sodium: maintains blood pressure, muscle/nerve function. Too much sodium can cause heart/blood pressure issues
Calcium: strengthens bones and teeth, blood clotting, nervous system
Iron: formation of hemoglobin which carries O2 to cells
Low: anemia

61
Q

What is the difference between the two types of digestion? Be sure to include what they are and use specific examples in the body

A

Mechanical digestion: physical breakdown of food by making it into smaller pieces. This happens in the mouth, stomach. It happens in the mouth by (biting, chewing) and stomach (muscular churning)

Chemical digestion: turning food into particles so small that they can be absorbed by bloodstream. This happens in the mouth, stomach and intestines. This also involves enzymes and digestive juices. Enzymes are proteins that build up at the rate of biological reactions without being used as a reaction.

62
Q

List and explain four health consequences obesity can cause in humans?

A

Cancer (uterine, kidney, stomach, colon, breast) because too much fat can cause hormones to grow, which can tell cells to divide too much, causing cancer

Infertility because excess weight can cause an impact on ovulation

Stroke because excess height can cause high blood pressure

Heart diseases because arteries can be blocked from fat

grade 11 (19 decks)

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