Hallucinations: Psilocybin Flashcards
street name for psilocybin
shrooms
does psilocybin do anything for you
no its not active ingredient is psilocin
how many species of psilocybin mushrooms
200
how can you tell its a psilocybin shroom
bluish tinge
is it similar to LSD
Lipid-soluble indole similar to LSD and in tryptamine class
intake method?
ingestion
what if you inject the chemical what happens to high time
reduce it by half = enzyme that gives you the metabolite is mostly in digestive tract
is the chemical itself effective at all?
no Metabolites are effective, not the chemical
what are the qualitative differences in effects between low and high doses of psilocybin
Low (4-5 mg): social, warm, and “down-to-earth” feelings (less confusion, more grounded with self)
• High (15mg+): resemble LSD, but extremely prone to “bad trips”
why the difference in high and low dose effects?
high perception gets involved
does the dose influence the high time
no 2-5 hours no matter what
what does set and setting mean
“tone” or valence of trip related to, and based on pleasantness/aversiveness of the environment (enviro colors tone of the trip)
is set and setting only apply to things outside of the individual
no internal state = mood changes interpretation (top down)
how is what shrooms do similar to LSD
doing the same thing but less intense= partial instead of full 5HT 2a agonist
does shrooms target 5HT 1a and 2a?
no only 2a
what effects of shrooms is most investigated in the literature
Distort time perception, timing, and rhythm
what happens to experience of time on shrooms
Prefrontal subjective feeling of “slowingdown” = time passing slower
riase your hand after 5 seconds have passed when do they put up hand when on shrooms
after 10 seconds
the way they experience time does not influence their ability to keep up with faced paced activites
f Inability to coordinate with any tempo above 2-2.5 tal cortex
what happens to sense of humour
low doses increase sense of humour
the inability to coordinate tempo and rhythm suggests what 2 brain areas
cerebellum (match and coordinate), PFC (perceive fast things)
what brain area involved in imporved sense of humour
insula= conciousness and integrating sensory signals = humour is all about states of con e.g. mood
how does the insula play a role in metacognition
need it to integrate the lower level sensory perceptions to reflect on
does humour effect suggest dopamine is involved?
no good evidence (no affinity to D2 receptor) (dont see stimulation that you would expect with dopamine activation)
