Chapter 5 Flashcards
The DSM does not pathol-ogize the casual or recreational use of a drug
t
The DSM uses the term addiction
f the DSM-5 includes diagnostic criteria for substance use disorders and substance-induced disorders
…. disorders are characterized by a cluster of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms that manifest with compulsive drug-taking.
Substance use
…disorders include drug-specific physiological and behavioral symptoms of intoxication, withdrawal, and other possible mental disor-ders resulting from the use of a drug
Substance-induced
a mild substance use disorder is suggested by the presence of … symptoms, moderate by … symptoms, and severe by … symptoms
two to three
four to five
six or more
the drug abuse criteria fit into what 4 categories
individuals impaired control over substance use.
Criteria 5 through 7 encompass social impairment associated with substance use.
Criteria 8 and 9 indicate risky use of a substance.
Criteria 10 and 11 are pharmacological in nature.
how did the DSM-IV-TR characterize sub problems
substance dependence and substance abuse.
…` entails intense preoccupation, strong desire, or an overwhelming urge to use a substance. T
Craving
The greatest conceptual shift presented in the DSM-5 chapter on addictive disorders is the inclusion of a non-substance-related disorder, what was it
gambling disorder
why is gambling disorder with the substance use disorders?
the same brain and behavior mechanisms responsible for drug addic-tion appear also to be involved in non-drug-related addic-tions
Individuals with non-substance and sub-stance-related addictions also share common neurobiological underpinnings, deficits in …3
decision making, personality traits, and negative personal consequences.
how is tolerance presented in gambling disorder
Needs to gamble with increasing amounts of money in order to achieve desired excitement
withdrawal in gambling?
Is restless or irritable when attempting to cut down or stop gambling
what are the neuroscience behind gambling addiction
impairments in the mesolimbic reward circuitry
simi-lar changes in the brain activity underlie gambling urges and cocaine craving
t
how are gambling and substance addictions similar
-sion of incentive sensitization theory to gambling disorder includes evidence that: a bias of attention toward gambling-related cues exists in compulsive gamblers, a positive correla-tion between striatal dopamine release and gambling disorder severity, and increased striatal activity in problem gamblers in response to reward-related stimuli.
The opioid antagonist naltrexone, used in the treat-ment of alcoholism and heroin addiction, reduces gambling behavior in highly impulsive individuals
t
how does the WHO classify addictions (ICD)
Harmful use and dependence syn-drome.
what do the DSM and ICD 10 have in common
(a) the addicted individ-ual demonstrates a loss of control, as indicated by an escala-tion in dose and sustained use of a drug and that (b) the drug use has harmful consequences
impaired control and drug-related harm are really different indicators of the same …
process
what is the hard part of drug categorization to notice
control: how can you tell if someone is in control
how can we tell if animals have a lack of control l
harm behavior must be out of control because no person or animal who has control of their behavior would deliberately injure themselves
what are the 5 types of harm
physical, psychological, occupational, social, or inter-personal.
the correlation between craving and subsequent drug use is poor
t , suggesting that the experience of drug craving may be used as an after-the-fact explanation of drug relapse