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Hair Chemistry > Hair Chemistry Final Exam > Flashcards

Hair Chemistry Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogenic bacteria can result in a(n) __________.
a. infection
b. antitoxin
c. abrasion
d. contusion

A

a. infection

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2
Q

Which action is best defined as removing all visible dirt and debris from tools, implements, and equipment by washing with soap and water?
a. decontaminating
b. disinfecting
c. scrubbing
d. cleaning

A

d. cleaning

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3
Q

OSHA and state regulatory agencies require that SDS’s be ________.
a. kept available in the salon for all products used in the salon
b. provided to all employees in bound form
c. updated at least every six months
d. discussed with clients prior to services being rendered

A

a. kept available in the salon for all products used in the salon

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4
Q

Nonpathogenic bacteria are __________.
a. harmful
b. harmless
c. disease-producing
d. toxic

A

b. harmless

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5
Q

State regulatory agencies __________.
a. can take action against salon and spa owners, but not against individual license holders
b. have no real authority, and must refer violations to the court system
c. act independently of statutes
d. create the rules that determined how laws are applied

A

d. create the rules that determined how laws are applied

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6
Q

Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses (but not spores) on surfaces are known as ____________.
a. antiseptics
b. disinfectants
c. sterilizers
d. sanitizers

A

b. disinfectants

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7
Q

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) initially appears as a __________.
a. skin infection
b. respiratory infection
c. gastrointestinal infection
d. systemic infection

A

a. skin infection

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8
Q

A person’s body mounts a strong defense against viruses and bacteria, so the individual rarely gets sick. Which body system is primarily responsible for this characteristic?
a. endocrine system
b. lymphatic system
c. circulatory system
d. respiratory system

A

b. lymphatic system

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9
Q

Why should cosmetologists understand anatomy and physiology?
a. to identify the organs that make up the human tissues
b. to recognize when to refer clients to a healthcare professional
c. to recognize and diagnose conditions of the skin, hair, and nails
d. to recommend treatment options for clients with skin, hair, and nail conditions

A

b. to recognize when to refer clients to a healthcare professional

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10
Q

A client with diabetes is receiving cosmetology services. Which complication is most likely to occur because of this illness?
a. an allergic reaction to cosmetic products
b. aching joints when sitting for a long period
c. muscle pain and weakness after a massage
d. burns from water that is too hot during a pedicure

A

d. burns from water that is too hot during a pedicure

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11
Q

While receiving a shampoo service, the client perceives that the water is warm and comfortable. Which part of the client’s body carries this information about the water temperature to the brain?
a. motor nerves
b. sensory nerves
c. central nervous system
d. autonomic nervous system

A

b. sensory nerves

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12
Q

Which type of blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the arterioles?
a. veins
b. arteries
c. venules
d. capillaries

A

b. arteries

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13
Q

What is the primary function of the integumentary system?
a. immunity
b. protection from outside elements
c. circulation
d. nourishment

A

b. protection from outside elements

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14
Q

The basic units of all living things, from bacteria to plants to animals, including human beings, are _____.
a. organs
b. muscles
c. cells
d. nerves

A

c. cells

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15
Q

Which substance is produced by an exocrine gland?
a. sweat
b. cortisol
c. estrogen
d. adrenaline

A

a. sweat

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16
Q

A cosmetologist notices during a haircut that their longtime client’s hair is thinning. When asked if anything has changed since the last visit, the client tells the cosmetologist about starting hormone replacement therapy. In order to understand whether these two situations may be connected, the cosmetologist should be knowledgeable about what body system?
a. integumentary system
b. reproductive system
c. endocrine system
d. lymphatic system

A

c. endocrine system

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17
Q

The outermost and thinnest layer of the skin is the __________.
a. dermis
b. epidermis
c. subcutaneous layer
d. papillary layer

A

b. epidermis

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18
Q

A person with very fair skin has less activity in the __________.
a. collagen cells
b. elastin cells
c. melanocytes
d. sudoriferous glands

A

c. melanocytes

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19
Q

The tiny grains of pigment deposited into cells of the epidermis and dermis are called __________.
a. pheomelanin
b. melanin
c. eumelanin
d. melanocytes

A

b. melanin

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20
Q

Both collagen and elastin are mostly composed of __________.
a. skin
b. nerves
c. melanocytes
d. protein

A

d. protein

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21
Q

Nerve fibers that convey impulses from the spinal cord to muscles or glands are called __________ nerve fibers.
a. motor
b. secretory
c. sensory
d. spinal

A

a. motor

22
Q

The skin’s absorption function allows the skin to absorb some ingredients __________.
a. through the epidermis
b. through the sebaceous glands
c. through the acid mantle
d. between the cells and through the hair follicles

A

d. between the cells and through the hair follicles

23
Q

Which of the following correctly identifies the layers of the skin and fat from the outermost layer to the innermost layer?
a. dermis, subcutaneous, epidermis
b. epidermis, subcutaneous, dermis
c. dermis, epidermis, subcutaneous
d. epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous

A

d. epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous

24
Q

What causes elastin and collagen to weaken over time?
a. disease
b. gravity
c. melanin
d. pregnancy

A

b. gravity

25
Q

A physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails is __________.
a. a histologist
b. a dermatologist
c. an esthetician
d. a pediatrician

A

b. a dermatologist

26
Q

Fatty tissue found below the dermis is __________ tissue.
a. secretory
b. sudoriferous gland
c. subcutaneous
d. sensory nerve fibers

A

c. subcutaneous

27
Q

A fatty or oily secretion that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of the hair is __________.
a. sebum
b. collagen
c. tactile corpuscles
d. melanin

A

a. sebum

28
Q

Cosmetologists need a thorough understanding of skin disorders and diseases because
a. skin disorders and infection always present life-threatening situations and require a lot of attention.
b. cosmetologists are required to dedicate their entire workday to skin care services instead of hair care services.
c. recommending suitable skin care preparations to clients requires complete knowledge of the skin and potential disorders.
d. providing skin care services seldom requires the knowledge of the skin’s structure and common skin problems.

A

c. recommending suitable skin care preparations to clients requires complete knowledge of the skin and potential disorders.

29
Q

The body’s largest organ is the
a. heart
b. skin
c. liver
d. brain

A

b. skin

30
Q

Identify examples of secondary lesions called crusts.
a. Scabs and sores
b. Excessive dandruff and psoriasis
c. Severely cracked or chapped hands, lips, or feet
d. Nail cuticle damage from nail biting

A

a. Scabs and sores

31
Q

Lesions that are in the initial stages of development or change are called
a. secondary lesions.
b. primary lesions.
c. vascular lesions.
d. tertiary lesions.

A

b. primary lesions

32
Q

Which of the following is defined as a deficiency in perspiration or the inability to sweat and is often caused by damage to autonomic nerves?
a. telangiectasia
b. miliaria rubra
c. bromhidrosis
d. anhidrosis

A

d. anhidrosis

33
Q

Which of the following is a generalized term for any inflammatory skin condition?
a. anhidrosis
b. rosacea
c. dermatitis
d. milia

A

c. dermatitis

34
Q

__________ is a contagious bacterial skin infection that is characterized by weeping lesions.
a. Conjunctivitis
b. Hyperhidrosis
c. Rosacea
d. Impetigo

A

d. Impetigo

35
Q

Which of the following statements is true about the skin?
a. It is the last defense against environmental assaults.
b. It is the body’s smallest organ.
c. It offers the body protection from harmful organisms.
d. It seldom helps control body temperature.

A

c. It offers the body protection from harmful organisms.

36
Q

Conjunctivitis is
a. a contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by weeping lesions.
b. characterized by the eruption of a single vesicle or group of vesicles on a red swollen base.
c. an eye infection and may be caused by a virus or a bacterium.
d. characterized by moderate to severe inflammation, scaling, and occasionally, severe itching.

A

c. an eye infection and may be caused by a virus or a bacterium

37
Q

__________, a hereditary skin condition, causes hypopigmented skin splotches and spots that are often milky white in appearance.
a. Keratoma
b. Psoriasis
c. Impetigo
d. Vitilgo

A

d. Vitilgo

38
Q

According to the American Cancer Society, professionals should use the ABCDE Cancer Checklist to spot signs of change in an existing mole. Which of the following is a sign included in this checklist?
a. One half of the mole matches the other half.
b. The mole’s color is the same all over.
c. The mole’s edges are ragged or notched.
d. The mole is wider than about 0.1 inch.

A

c. The mole’s edges are ragged or notched.

39
Q

To prevent contact dermatitis,
a. create sensitization by repeatedly using containers with products in them.
b. avoid moisturizing your hands frequently.
c. wash your hands frequently without using hand creams after the wash.
d. use implements or gloves when you need to work with irritating chemicals

A

d. use implements or gloves when you need to work with irritating chemicals

40
Q

Which of the following statements is true of the hair bulb?
a. It is the living portion of the hair found above the epidermis.
b. It contains living cells that form the hair strand.
c. It produces sebum that lubricates the hair and skin.
d. It is the nonliving part of the hair attached to the hair shaft.

A

b. It contains living cells that form the hair strand.

41
Q

Which of the following refers to the study of the hair, including its diseases and care?
a. hematology
b. rheumatology
c. trichology
d. podiatry

A

c. trichology

42
Q

The __________ is an involuntary muscle in the dermis that attaches to the hair follicle.
a. adductor longus muscle
b. deltoid muscle
c. arrector pili muscle
d. soleus muscle

A

c. arrector pili muscle

43
Q

Identify the part of the hair that is located below the surface of the epidermis.
a. the hair root
b. the cortex
c. the hair cuticle
d. the hair shaft

A

a. the hair root

44
Q

Which of the following types of hair always contains a medulla?
a. smooth hair
b. fine hair
c. beard hair
d. straight hair

A

c. beard hair

45
Q

The __________ is the fibrous protein layer of the hair.
a. hair follicle
b. hair cuticle
c. medulla
d. cortex

A

d. cortex

46
Q

__________ is the diameter of an individual hair strand.
a. Hair texture
b. Hair density
c. Hair porosity
d. Hair elasticity

A

a. Hair texture

47
Q

In the context of the COHNS elements that make up human hair, __________ makes up 51 percent of a typical hair strand.
a. carbon
b. oxygen
c. sulfur
d. hydrogen

A

a. carbon

48
Q

The loss of terminal hair on the body and scalp is known as __________.
a. postpartum alopecia
b. alopecia totalis
c. androgenic alopecia
d. alopecia universalis

A

d. alopecia universalis

49
Q

Ringed hair is __________.
a. a condition in which the hair grows longer or thicker than usual
b. the technical term for split ends
c. a variety of canities characterized by alternating bands of gray and pigmented hair throughout the hair strand’s length
d. typically characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft

A

c. a variety of canities characterized by alternating bands of gray and pigmented hair throughout the hair strand’s length

50
Q

Which of the following is an example of congenital canities?
a. tinea
b. pityriasis
c. hypertrichosis
d. albinism

A

d. albinism

Hair Chemistry (25 decks)

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