Chapter 08 Hair and Scalp Disorders and Diseases

Question 1

Cosmetologists should have a thorough understanding of hair and scalp disorders and diseases because __________.
a. improving the appearance of certain scalp conditions that are medical disorders is the responsibility of cosmetologists
b. identifying the differences between common and irregular hair loss helps them better recommend hair loss treatments to clients
c. they are required to know that conditions that signal health problems seldom warrant a physician’s attention
d. they are licensed to diagnose, treat, prescribe, or work on unhealthy scalp

Answer 1

b. identifying the differences between common and irregular hair loss helps them better recommend hair loss treatments to clients

Question 2

Why should cosmetologists have a thorough understanding of hair and scalp disorders and diseases?
a. because cosmetologists are required to differentiate between common and irregular hair loss in order to treat hair and scalp disorders
b. because cosmetologists are required to perform procedures that are listed under any medical license or podiatry license
c. because cosmetologists’ infection control duties include recognizing communicable scalp and hair conditions, as well as when a client should be turned away and referred to a physician
d. because cosmetologists are required to tell a client that a specific disease or disorder is present

Answer 2

c. because cosmetologists’ infection control duties include recognizing communicable scalp and hair conditions, as well as when a client should be turned away and referred to a physician

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true of androgenic alopecia?
a. It is hair loss characterized by a lengthened anagen phase.
b. It is also known as alopecia areata.
c. It is hair loss characterized by terminal hair miniaturization.
d. It is a fungal infection.

Answer 3

c. It is hair loss characterized by terminal hair miniaturization.

Question 4

Alopecia areata is __________.
a. temporary hair loss after pregnancy
b. also known as androgenetic alopecia
c. an autoimmune disorder
d. characterized by obvious signs of scalp inflammation

Answer 4

c. an autoimmune disorder

Question 5

The loss of terminal hair on the body and scalp is known as __________.
a. postpartum alopecia
b. alopecia totalis
c. androgenic alopecia
d. alopecia universalis

Answer 5

d. alopecia universalis

Question 6

Identify a true statement about postpartum alopecia.
a. Most people experience postpartum alopecia six to eight months after delivery.
b. A higher number of hairs entering the telogen stage causes postpartum alopecia.
c. Postpartum alopecia is permanent hair loss after pregnancy.
d. Postpartum alopecia is an autoimmune disorder.

Answer 6

b. A higher number of hairs entering the telogen stage causes postpartum alopecia.

Question 7

The body supplies nutrients to __________ in the end.
a. muscles
b. hair
c. organs
d. bones

Answer 7

b. hair

Question 8

__________ include testosterone; they affect the dermal papilla and production of keratinocytes, resulting in hair follicle miniaturization and reduced hair growth.
a. Estrogens
b. Androgens
c. Thyroid hormones
d. Pancreatic hormones

Answer 8

b. Androgens

Question 9

Which of the following statements related to hair loss treatments is true?
a. Minoxidil is an oral prescription medication.
b. Minoxidil comes in two different strengths: two percent and five percent minoxidil.
c. Finasteride is less effective and convenient to take than minoxidil.
d. Finasteride is prescribed for people with childbearing potential.

Answer 9

b. Minoxidil comes in two different strengths: two percent and five percent minoxidil.

Question 10

Which of the following statements related to the treatment of hair loss is accurate?
a. A cosmetologist is licensed to perform surgical procedures as treatments for hair loss.
b. A cosmetologist is allowed to help clients determine if their hair loss is typical or potentially concerning.
c. Salon services, such as a hair spa, are the only proven treatment for hair loss.
d. Advising clients facing hair loss problems on when to seek the help of a healthcare provider is out of a cosmetologist’s scope of practice.

Answer 10

b. A cosmetologist is allowed to help clients determine if their hair loss is typical or potentially concerning.

Question 11

Identify a true statement about canities.
a. It is the growth of terminal hair on a female’s body in areas that typically do not have terminal hair.
b. Acquired canities is present at birth.
c. It is the technical term for gray or white hair and results from the loss of the hair’s natural pigment.
d. Congenital canities is a result of age and genetics.

Answer 11

c. It is the technical term for gray or white hair and results from the loss of the hair’s natural pigment.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of congenital canities?
a. tinea
b. pityriasis
c. hypertrichosis
d. albinism

Answer 12

d. albinism

Question 13

As people age, the hair follicle produces less melanin, resulting in gray or white hair. This is termed __________.
a. acquired canities
b. congenital canities
c. hypertrichosis
d. trichoptilosis

Answer 13

a. acquired canities

Question 14

Ringed hair is __________.
a. a condition in which the hair grows longer or thicker than usual
b. the technical term for split ends
c. a variety of canities characterized by alternating bands of gray and pigmented hair throughout the hair strand’s length
d. typically characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft

Answer 14

c. a variety of canities characterized by alternating bands of gray and pigmented hair throughout the hair strand’s length

Question 15

The growth of terminal hair on a female’s body in areas that typically do not have terminal hair, such as the upper lip (mustache area), chin and cheeks (beard area), and chest, is known as __________.
a. canities
b. hirsuties
c. hypertrichosis
d. trichoptilosis

Answer 15

b. hirsuties

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true of hypertrichosis?
a. It is a condition in which hair grows shorter or thinner than usual.
b. It is hair loss characterized by terminal hair miniaturization and a shortened anagen phase.
c. It is treated using methods such as photoepilation, electrolysis, and laser hair removal.
d. It is characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft.

Answer 16

c. It is treated using methods such as photoepilation, electrolysis, and laser hair removal.

Question 17

What is the technical term for split ends?
a. monilethrix
b. canities
c. hirsuties
d. trichoptilosis

Answer 17

d. trichoptilosis

Question 18

What is the only way to treat trichoptilosis?
a. softening the hair with conditioners
b. waxing
c. sugaring
d. cutting split ends

Answer 18

d. cutting split ends

Question 19

What is the technical term for knotted hair?
a. trichoptilosis
b. trichorrhexis nodosa
c. pityriasis
d. frigilitas crinium

Answer 19

b. trichorrhexis nodosa

Question 20

Which of the following is a true statement about trichorrhexis nodosa?
a. No
Trichorrhexis nodosa is a condition in which the hair grows longer or thicker than usual.
b. No
Trichorrhexis nodosa is caused by a gene mutation and has no recognized treatment.
c. Trichorrhexis nodosa near the scalp often results from chemical straighteners or excessive thermal pressing.
d. Trichorrhexis nodosa near the scalp is caused by a naturally occurring fungus called malassezia.

Answer 20

c. Trichorrhexis nodosa near the scalp often results from chemical straighteners or excessive thermal pressing.

Question 21

Monilethrix is __________.
a. the technical term for gray or white hair
b. a condition in which the hair grows longer or thicker than usual
c. caused by a gene mutation and has no recognized treatment
d. a result of the loss of the hair’s natural pigment

Answer 21

c. caused by a gene mutation and has no recognized treatment

Question 22

Which of the following is an accurate statement about monilethrix?
a. People with monilethrix experience sparse hair growth.
b. People with monilethrix should bleach their hair.
c. Monilethrix has several recognized treatments.
d. Monilethrix is the technical term for split ends.

Answer 22

a. People with monilethrix experience sparse hair growth.

Question 23

What is the technical term for brittle hair?
a. pityriasis steatoides
b. pediculosis capitis
c. tinea capitis
d. fragilitas crinium

Answer 23

d. fragilitas crinium

Question 24

Fragilitas crinium is __________.
a. characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft
b. typically treated using electrolysis, photoepilation, laser hair removal, shaving, tweezing, and depilatories
c. caused by mechanical and chemical abuse, exposure to UV rays, and pulling the hair tightly into braids or ponytails
d. hair loss characterized by terminal hair miniaturization and a shortened anagen phase

Answer 24

c. caused by mechanical and chemical abuse, exposure to UV rays, and pulling the hair tightly into braids or ponytails

Question 25

Pityriasis is characterized by __________.
a. red spots at the openings of the hair follicles
b. brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft
c. excessive production and shedding of skin cells
d. dry yellow crusts on the scalp called scutula

Answer 25

c. excessive production and shedding of skin cells

Question 26

Dandruff is caused by a naturally occurring fungus known as __________.
a. dermatophyte
b. malassezia
c. staphylococci
d. streptococci

Answer 26

b. malassezia

Question 27

Identify an accurate statement about dandruff.
a. It is not contagious.
b. Its technical term is fragilitas crinium.
c. It is caused by dermatophyte fungus.
d. It cannot be controlled by antidandruff shampoos.

Answer 27

a. It is not contagious.

Question 28

The technical term for classic dandruff is __________, and it is characterized by scalp irritation, large flakes, and an itchy scalp.
a. hypertrichosis
b. pityriasis capitis simplex
c. pityriasis steatoides
d. trichoptilosis

Answer 28

b. pityriasis capitis simplex

Question 29

Identify an accurate statement about pityriasis steatoides.
a. When pityriasis steatoides is accompanied by redness and inflammation, it is called pediculosis capitis.
b. Pityriasis steatoides is extremely contagious.
c. Pityriasis steatoides is a less severe case of dandruff than pityriasis capitis simplex.
d. Cosmetologists should not perform services on anyone who has pityriasis steatoides.

Answer 29

d. Cosmetologists should not perform services on anyone who has pityriasis steatoides.

Question 30

Tinea is __________.
a. caused by a parasite
b. the technical term for ringworm
c. a highly contagious condition caused by mites called Sarcoptes scabiei
d. an infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice

Answer 30

b. the technical term for ringworm

Question 31

Tinea favosa, also known as tinea favus or honeycomb ringworm, is characterized by __________.
a. brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft
b. miniaturization of terminal hair and a shortened anagen phase
c. dry yellow crusts on the scalp called scutula
d. alternating bands of gray and pigmented hair throughout the length of the hair strand

Answer 31

c. dry yellow crusts on the scalp called scutula

Question 32

Which of the following is most likely a scabies symptom?
a. yellow crusts on the scalp called scutula, which have a distinctive odor
b. scales and painful circular lesions
c. greasy or waxy scales, mixed with sebum
d. intense itching and a rash that may have blisters and bumps that resemble acne

Answer 32

d. intense itching and a rash that may have blisters and bumps that resemble acne

Question 33

__________ is an infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice.
a. Pediculosis capitis
b. Pityriasis capitis simplex
c. Fragilitas crinium
d. Trichorrhexis nodosa

Answer 33

a. Pediculosis capitis

Question 34

Identify an accurate statement about head lice.
a. They cause tinea barbae, which primarily affects the beard and mustache areas of the face.
b. They cause scabies, which is a highly contagious condition.
c. They usually live up to four days without a host.
d. They are transmitted mainly from head-to-head contact with an infected person.

Answer 34

d. They are transmitted mainly from head-to-head contact with an infected person.

Question 35

__________ is the technical term for a boil and is an infection of the tissue surrounding the hair follicle.
a. A carbuncle
b. A furuncle
c. Canities
d. Hirsuties

Answer 35

b. A furuncle

Question 36

Carbuncles are __________.
a. inflammations of the hair follicles
b. infections of the tissue surrounding a hair follicle
c. caused by staphylococci and extend into the subcutaneous tissue
d. caused by mites called Sarcoptes scabiei that lay eggs inside the skin

Answer 36

c. caused by staphylococci and extend into the subcutaneous tissue

Question 37

Folliculitis barbae, also known as pseudofolliculitis barbae, is __________.
a. an infection of the hair follicles caused by head lice
b. an inflammation of the hair follicles caused by ingrown hair
c. a type of carbuncle caused by staphylococci
d. an inflammation of the scalp caused by malassezia

Answer 37

b. an inflammation of the hair follicles caused by ingrown hair

Question 38

Which of the following guidelines should most likely be followed by cosmetologists who offer hair and scalp services?
a. They should not perform services on anyone with a boil, carbuncle, or folliculitis.
b. They can perform scalp treatments on clients with head lice.
c. They can perform services on clients with scabies as it is not contagious.
d. They should not perform services on anyone who has pityriasis capitis simplex.

Answer 38

a. They should not perform services on anyone with a boil, carbuncle, or folliculitis.