Ch 03 Skin Structure & Growth Vocabulary

Question 1

small, involuntary muscles in the base of the hair follicle that cause goosebumps

Answer 1

arrector pilli muscles

Question 2

complex of lipids that keep the skin moist by preventing water evaporation and guards against irritants penetrating the skin surface; and to help regulate the skin’s pH

Answer 2

barrier function

Question 3

sunscreen product that has been shown to protect from burning, skin cancer, and premature aging; protects against both UVA and UVB radiation from the sun

Answer 3

broad-spectrum sunscreen

Question 4

fibrous, connective tissue made from protein; that gives the skin form and strength

Answer 4

collagen

Question 5

membranes of ridges and grooves that attach to the epidermis

Answer 5

dermal papillae

Question 6

physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails

Answer 6

dermatologist

Question 7

medical branch of science that deals with the study of skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatment

Answer 7

dermatology

Question 8

also know as derma, corium, cutis, or true skin; underlying or inner layer of the skin

Answer 8

dermis

Question 9

protein base similar to collagen that forms elastic tissue

Answer 9

elastin

Question 10

top of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis

Answer 10

dermal-epidermal junction

Question 11

outermost and thinnest layer of the skin, made up of five layers: stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum germinativum

Answer 11

epidermis

Question 12

type of melanin that is dark brown to black in color

Answer 12

eumelanin

Question 13

cone-shaped elevations at the base of the follicle that fit into the hair bulb; papillae are filled with tissue that contains the blood vessels and cells necessary for hair growth and follicle nourishment

Answer 13

hair papillae

Question 14

fibrous protein of cells that is also the principal component of skin, hair and nails

Answer 14

keratin

Question 15

tiny grains of pigment (coloring matter) produced by melanocytes deposited into cells in the stratum germinativum layer of the epidermis and papillary layers of the dermis

Answer 15

melanin

Question 16

cells that produce the dark skin pigment called melanin

Answer 16

melanocytes

Question 17

fibers of the motor nerves that are distributed to the arrector pilli muscles attached to hair follicles; carry impulses from the brain to the muscles

Answer 17

motor nerve fibers

Question 18

type of melanin that is red to yellow in color

Answer 18

pheomelanin

Question 19

deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients

Answer 19

reticular layer

Question 20

also known as oil glands; glands connected to hair follicles; secretes sebum

Answer 20

sebaceous glands

Question 21

fatty or oily secretion that lubricated the skin and preserves the softness of the hair

Answer 21

sebum

Question 22

coiled base of the sudoriferous (sweat) gland

Answer 22

secretory coil

Question 23

regulate the excretion of perspiration from the sweat glands and control the flow of sebum to the surface of the skin

Answer 23

secretory nerve fibers

Question 24

fibers of the sensory nerves that react to heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain

Answer 24

sensory nerve fibers

Question 25

also known as horny layer, outermost layer of the epidermis

Answer 25

stratum corneum

Question 26

commonly called the basal cell layer; deepest, live layer of the epidermis that produces skin cells and is responsible for growth

Answer 26

stratum germinativum

Question 27

also known as the granular layer; layer of the epidermis composed of cells filled with keratin that resemble granules

Answer 27

stratum granulosum

Question 28

also known as the spiny layer; layer of the epidermis just above the stratum germinativum (basal) layer

Answer 28

stratum spinosum

Question 29

also known as the hypodermis or superficial fascia; consists of subcutaneous (fat) tissue located beneath the dermis

Answer 29

subcutaneous layer

Question 30

also known as adipose or subcutis tissue; fatty tissue found below the dermis that gives smoothness and contour to the body, contains fats for energy, and acts as a protective cushion for the skin

Answer 30

subcutaneous tissue

Question 31

also known as sweat glands; excrete perspiration and detoxify the body by excreting excess salt and unwanted chemicals

Answer 31

sudoriferous glands

Question 32

also known as sudoriferous glands; excrete perspiration and detoxify the body by excreting excess salt and unwanted chemicals

Answer 32

sweat glands

Question 33

small epidermal structures with nerve endings that are sensitive to touch and pressure

Answer 33

tactile corpuscles

Question 34

outer layer of the dermis, directly beneath the epidermis

Answer 34

papillary layer

Question 35

clear, transparent layer of the epidermis under the stratum corneum

Answer 35

stratum lucidum