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Hair Chemistry > Chapter 03: Skin Structure and Growth > Flashcards

Chapter 03: Skin Structure and Growth Flashcards

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1
Q

What is one reason it is important for cosmetologists to understand the structure and function of the skin?
a. cosmetologists will be able to give their clients the best beauty advice.
b. cosmetologists will be able to diagnose a client’s abnormal skin conditions.
c. cosmetologists will be able to make the best hairstyle decisions.
d. cosmetologists will be able to improve a client’s hair condition.

A

a. cosmetologists will be able to give their clients the best beauty advice.

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2
Q

The outermost and thinnest layer of the skin is the __________.
a. dermis
b. epidermis
c. subcutaneous layer
d. papillary layer

A

b. epidermis

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3
Q

What is the function of the stratum corneum?
a. It forms unique fingerprints and footprints.
b. It is responsible for the growth of the epidermis.
c. It protects the tissue beneath it from infection, dehydration, and other possible negative effects.
d. It creates the skin’s sensitivity to touch, heat and cold, and pressure.

A

c. It protects the tissue beneath it from infection, dehydration, and other possible negative effects.

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4
Q

Which layer of the dermis connects the dermis to the epidermis?
a. reticular layer
b. papillary layer
c. horny layer
d. dermal/epidermal junction

A

d. dermal/epidermal junction

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5
Q

Nerve fibers that convey impulses from the spinal cord to muscles or glands are called __________ nerve fibers.
a. motor
b. secretory
c. sensory
d. spinal

A

a. motor

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6
Q

The tiny grains of pigment deposited into cells of the epidermis and dermis are called __________.
a. pheomelanin
b. melanin
c. eumelanin
d. melanocytes

A

b. melanin

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7
Q

A person with very fair skin has less activity in the __________.
a. collagen cells
b. elastin cells
c. melanocytes
d. sudoriferous glands

A

c. melanocytes

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8
Q

What does a broad-spectrum sunscreen do?
a. It protects the skin from sun exposure by boosting the skin’s production of melanin.
b. It protects the skin from sun exposure by absorbing UVA and UVB radiation.
c. It protects the skin from sun exposure by blocking the production of melanin.
d. It protects the skin from both UVA and UVB radiation from the sun.

A

d. It protects the skin from both UVA and UVB radiation from the sun.

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9
Q

Which sentence is the best way to explain how a person’s skin color is determined?
a. It is determined only by internal factors, such as how much melanin a person’s melanocytes produce.
b. It is determined by a combination of internal factors, such as melanin produced, and external factors, such as sun exposure.
c. It is determined only by external factors, such as how much sun exposure the person has on a regular basis.
d. It is determined only by the person’s genetic makeup.

A

b. It is determined by a combination of internal factors such as melanin produced, and external factors, such as sun exposure.

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10
Q

Your client has rosy skin and red hair. What explains this hair color and skin pigment?
a. The client has a eumelanin dominance.
b. The client has had a great deal of lifetime sun exposure.
c. The client has a pheomelanin dominance.
d. The client has very few melanocytes.

A

c. The client has a pheomelanin dominance.

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11
Q

Both collagen and elastin are mostly composed of __________.
a. skin
b. nerves
c. melanocytes
d. protein

A

d. protein

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12
Q

What do healthy collagen fibers allow the skin to do?
a. They allow the skin to stretch and contract.
b. They allow the skin to be flexible.
c. They allow the skin to be elastic.
d. They allow the skin to protect itself from the sun.

A

a. They allow the skin to stretch and contract.

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13
Q

What causes elastin and collagen to weaken over time?
a. disease
b. gravity
c. melanin
d. pregnancy

A

b. gravity

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14
Q

What is the primary difference between collagen and elastin when it comes to the function of each one?
a. Collagen allows skin to be flexible, whereas elastin gives skin its form.
b. Collagen produces protein fibers, whereas elastin produces melanin.
c. Collagen gives skin its form, whereas elastin allows skin to be flexible.
d. Collagen and elastin both function the same way; they both give skin its strength.

A

c. Collagen gives skin its form, whereas elastin allows skin to be flexible.

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15
Q

Your client works daily in the sun and has noticed some changes to the skin. The client asks for your advice for protecting the skin and avoiding any long-term skin damage. What advise would you give?
a. The client should avoid excessive sweat.
b. The client should avoid the secretion of sebum.
c. The client should minimize the production of pheomelanin.
d. The client should wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen, moisturize daily, and keep skin free of disease.

A

d. The client should wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen, moisturize daily, and keep skin free of disease.

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16
Q

Which of the following is an important function of sudoriferous glands?
a. They regulate body temperature and help eliminate waste products from the body.
b. They lubricate the skin.
c. They keep hair soft.
d. They prevent bacterial infections.

A

a. They regulate body temperature and help eliminate waste products from the body.

17
Q

What is one way skin protects the body from pathogens?
a. The skin’s sensation function protects the body from pathogens.
b. The skin’s pH of 5.5 protects the body from pathogens.
c. The skin’s ability to regulate heat protects the body from pathogens.
d. The skin’s absorption function protects the body from pathogens.

A

b. The skin’s pH of 5.5 protects the body from pathogens.

18
Q

When clients react to temperature, they are exhibiting the skin’s __________ function.
a. absorption
b. excretion
c. sensation
d. secretion

A

c. sensation

19
Q

The skin’s absorption function allows the skin to absorb some ingredients __________.
a. through the epidermis
b. through the sebaceous glands
c. through the acid mantle
d. between the cells and through the hair follicles

A

d. between the cells and through the hair follicles

20
Q

What is one way the skin’s secretion function helps the body?
a. It keeps skin soft.
b. It prevents the body from overheating
c. It helps the body avoid pain.
d. It allows certain ingredients to penetrate the skin.

A

a. It keeps skin soft.

21
Q

A physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails is __________.
a. a histologist
b. a dermatologist
c. an esthetician
d. a pediatrician

A

b. a dermatologist

22
Q

Which of the following correctly identifies the layers of the skin and fat from the outermost layer to the innermost layer?
a. dermis, subcutaneous, epidermis
b. epidermis, subcutaneous, dermis
c. dermis, epidermis, subcutaneous
d. epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous

A

d. epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous

23
Q

Fatty tissue found below the dermis is __________ tissue.
a. secretory
b. sudoriferous gland
c. subcutaneous
d. sensory nerve fibers

A

c. subcutaneous

24
Q

Which nerve fibers are distributed to the arrector pili muscles attached to the hair follicles?
a. tactile corpuscles
b. sensory nerve fibers
c. secretory nerve fibers
d. motor nerve fibers

A

d. motor nerve fibers

25
Q

__________ fibers react to heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain.
a. Motor nerve
b. Sensory nerve
c. Secretory nerve
d. Complex nerve

A

b. Sensory nerve

26
Q

The two types of pigment produced in an individual are __________.
a. eumelanin and pheomelanin
b. sudomelanin and pheomelanin

A

a. eumelanin and pheomelanin

27
Q

Skin gets its strength, form, and flexibility from __________.
a. collagen and keratin
b. sebum and melanin
c. keratin and elastin
d. collagen and elastin

A

d. collagen and elastin

28
Q

The sudoriferous glands excrete perspiration, detoxify the body, and __________.
a. preserve the softness of the hair
b. lubricate the skin
c. produce collagen
d. regulate body temperature

A

d. regulate body temperature

29
Q

A fatty or oily secretion that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of the hair is __________.
a. sebum
b. collagen
c. tactile corpuscles
d. melanin

A

a. sebum

30
Q

The acid mantle is the protective barrier made up of sebum, lipids, sweat, and __________.
a. water
b. sensory nerve fibers
c. eumelanin
d. melanocytes

A

a. water

Hair Chemistry (20 decks)

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