Ch 04 Vocabulary Skin Disorders and Diseases

Question 1

itchy, swollen lesion caused by a blow or scratch, insect bite, or urticaria (skin allergy), examples include hives and mosquito bites

Answer 1

wheal

Question 2

contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by weeping lesions; usually caused by a Staphylococcus bacteria

Answer 2

impetigo

Question 3

skin-aging factors over which there is little control

Answer 3

intrinsic factors

Question 4

closed, irregularly developed sac that contains fluid, pus, semifluid, or morbid matter above or below the skin; requires medical referral

Answer 4

cyst

Question 5

hereditary tendency for acne-prone skin to retain dead cells in the follicle, forming an obstruction that clogs follicles and exacerbates inflammatory acne lesions such as papules and pustules

Answer 5

retention hyperkeratosis

Question 6

any thin, dry, or oily plate of epidermal flakes; an example is irregular or excessive dandruff

Answer 6

scale

Question 7

plural: maculae (mak-yuh-ly); flat spot or skin discoloration, such as a freckle or ”liver” spot, age spot

Answer 7

macule

Question 8

skin disease characterized by red patches covered with silver-white scales; usually found on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back

Answer 8

psoriasis

Question 9

skin disorder characterized by light or white irregular patches (hypopigmentation); caused by a burn, scar, inflammation, or congenital disease

Answer 9

leukoderma

Question 10

also known as prickly heat; acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands characterized by the eruption of small red vesicles accompanied by and burning and itching

Answer 10

miliaria rubra

Question 11

large protruding pocketlike lesion filled with sebum; frequently seen on the scalp and back

Answer 11

sebaceous cyst

Question 12

solid bump on the skin larger than 0.4 inch (1 centimeter) that can be easily felt

Answer 12

nodule

Question 13

skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping

Answer 13

excoriation

Question 14

abbreviated ACD; an allergy to an ingredient or a chemical, usually caused by repeated skin contact with the chemical

Answer 14

allergic contact dermatitis

Question 15

closed, irregularly developed sac that contains pus, semifluid, or morbid matter, above or below the skin; cannot be drained

Answer 15

tubercle

Question 16

condition involving visible capillaries, 0.02 to 0.04 inch (0.5 to 1.0 millimeter) in diameter, commonly found on the face, particularly around the nose, cheeks, and chin

Answer 16

telangiectasia

Question 17

most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly nodules

Answer 17

basal cell carcinoma

Question 18

acquired superficial thickened patch of epidermis; a callus

Answer 18

keratoma

Question 19

also known as pinkeye; infection of the eye(s) that may be caused by bacteria or virus; can be extremely contagious

Answer 19

conjunctivitis

Question 20

any type of irregular mass varying in size, shape, and color

Answer 20

tumor

Question 21

formerly called acne rosacea, chronic condition that appears primarily on the cheeks and nose; characterized by flushing (redness); telangiectasia (distended or dilated surface blood vessels); and in some cases the formation of papules and pustules

Answer 21

rosacea

Question 22

abbreviated ICD; occurs when irritating substances temporarily damage the epidermis

Answer 22

irritant contact dermatitis

Question 23

thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue

Answer 23

keloid

Question 24

deficiency in perspiration or the inability to sweat; often a result of damage to autonomic nerves

Answer 24

anhidrosis

Question 25

characterized by an accumulation of material on the skin surface, such as a crust or scab, or by depressions in the skin surface, such as an ulcer

Answer 25

secondary skin lesions

Question 26

plural: bullae; large blister containing a watery fluid; similar to a vesicle; requires medical referral

Answer 26

bulla

Question 27

overproduction of pigment; appears as dark splotches

Answer 27

hyperpigmentation

Question 28

most serious form of skin cancer; often characterized by black or dark brown patches that are uneven, jagged, or raised

Answer 28

malignant melanoma

Question 29

benign (harmless) keratin-filled cysts that appear just under the epidermis with no visible opening

Answer 29

milia

Question 30

product that has been designed and proven to not clog the follicles

Answer 30

noncomedogenic

Question 31

small skin elevation that contains no fluid but may develop pus

Answer 31

papule

Question 32

environmental factors that contribute to aging skin aging

Answer 32

extrinsic factors

Question 33

unstable molecules that cause biochemical aging, especially wrinkling and skin sagging

Answer 33

free radicals

Question 34

also known as acne vulgaris; skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands from retained secretions and bacteria

Answer 34

acne

Question 35

foul-smelling perspiration, usually noticeable in the armpits or on the feet; generally caused by bacteria

Answer 35

bromhidrosis

Question 36

Dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while healing; accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidermal cells

Answer 36

crust

Question 37

also known as birthmark; malformation of the skin due to irregular pigmentation or dilated capillaries

Answer 37

nevus

Question 38

small blister or sac containing clear fluid, lying within or just beneath the epidermis

Answer 38

vesicle

Question 39

irregular growth of the skin

Answer 39

hypertrophy

Question 40

singular: lentigo; technical term for freckles—small yellow to brown spots on skin exposed to sunlight and air

Answer 40

lentigines

Question 41

excessive sweating caused by heat or general body weakness

Answer 41

hyperhidrosis

Question 42

also known as scar; lightly raised mark on the skin formed after an injury or skin lesion has healed

Answer 42

cicatrix

Question 43

inflammation of the skin caused by having contact with certain chemicals or substances

Answer 43

contact dermatitis

Question 44

also known as cicatrix; a lightly raised mark or depressed skin area formed as a result of the healing process related to an injury or lesion

Answer 44

scar

Question 45

skin condition caused by an inflammation of the sebaceous glands; often characterized by redness, dry or oily scaling, crusting, stubborn dandruff, and/or itchiness

Answer 45

seborrheic dermatitis

Question 46

inflammatory condition of the skin

Answer 46

dermatitis

Question 47

small spot or blemish on the skin ranging in color from pale tan to brown or bluish black

Answer 47

mole

Question 48

crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis; examples include severely cracked and/or chapped hands and lips

Answer 48

fissure

Question 49

lack of pigment that results in light or white splotches

Answer 49

hypopigmentation

Question 50

cannot survive in the presence of oxygen

Answer 50

anaerobic

Question 51

type of skin cancer more serious than basal cell carcinoma; often characterized by scaly red papules or nodules; can spread to other parts of the body

Answer 51

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 52

also known as wart; hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis; caused by a virus

Answer 52

verruca

Question 53

allergic reaction created by repeated exposure to a chemical or a substance

Answer 53

sensitization

Question 54

congenital hypopigmentation, a rare genetic condition characterized by absence of melanin pigment in the body, including the skin, hair, and eyes

Answer 54

albinism

Question 55

recurring viral infection that often presents as a fever blister or cold sore

Answer 55

herpes simplex I

Question 56

uncomfortable inflammatory disease of the skin that is often chronic; characterized by moderate to severe inflammation, scaling, and sometimes severe itching

Answer 56

eczema

Question 57

open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body; accompanied by pus and loss of skin depth and possibly weeping fluids or pus

Answer 57

ulcer

Question 58

also referred to as pregnancy mask; a form of hyperpigmentation that is characterized by bilateral patches of brown pigmentation on the cheeks, jawline, forehead, and upper lip due to hormonal imbalances such as pregnancy or birth control pills

Answer 58

melasma

Question 59

irregular brown or wine-colored skin discoloration with a circular and/or irregular shape

Answer 59

stain

Question 60

raised, inflamed, papule with a white or yellow center containing pus in the top of the lesion

Answer 60

pustule

Question 61

small brown or flesh-colored outgrowth of skin

Answer 61

skin tag

Question 62

hereditary condition that causes hypopigmented (milky white) spots and splotches on the skin

Answer 62

vitiligo

Question 63

change in pigmentation of skin caused by exposure to the sun or ultraviolet light

Answer 63

tan

Question 64

marks on the skin; may indicate an injury or damage that changes the structure of tissues or organs

Answer 64

lesions

Question 65

also known as sebaceous cyst; large, protruding, pocketlike lesion filled with keratin; frequently seen on the scalp and back

Answer 65

epidermoid cyst

Question 66

a condition characterized by hyperpigmentation in spots that are not elevated and is generally caused by cumulative sun exposure or aging; similar to melasma

Answer 66

chloasma

Question 67

lesions that are a different color than the color of the skin and/or are raised above the surface of the skin

Answer 67

primary lesions