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Hair Chemistry > Ch 04 Vocabulary Skin Disorders and Diseases > Flashcards

Ch 04 Vocabulary Skin Disorders and Diseases Flashcards

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1
Q

itchy, swollen lesion caused by a blow or scratch, insect bite, or urticaria (skin allergy), examples include hives and mosquito bites

A

wheal

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2
Q

contagious bacterial skin infection characterized by weeping lesions; usually caused by a Staphylococcus bacteria

A

impetigo

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3
Q

skin-aging factors over which there is little control

A

intrinsic factors

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4
Q

closed, irregularly developed sac that contains fluid, pus, semifluid, or morbid matter above or below the skin; requires medical referral

A

cyst

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5
Q

hereditary tendency for acne-prone skin to retain dead cells in the follicle, forming an obstruction that clogs follicles and exacerbates inflammatory acne lesions such as papules and pustules

A

retention hyperkeratosis

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6
Q

any thin, dry, or oily plate of epidermal flakes; an example is irregular or excessive dandruff

A

scale

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7
Q

plural: maculae (mak-yuh-ly); flat spot or skin discoloration, such as a freckle or ”liver” spot, age spot

A

macule

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8
Q

skin disease characterized by red patches covered with silver-white scales; usually found on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back

A

psoriasis

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9
Q

skin disorder characterized by light or white irregular patches (hypopigmentation); caused by a burn, scar, inflammation, or congenital disease

A

leukoderma

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10
Q

also known as prickly heat; acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands characterized by the eruption of small red vesicles accompanied by and burning and itching

A

miliaria rubra

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11
Q

large protruding pocketlike lesion filled with sebum; frequently seen on the scalp and back

A

sebaceous cyst

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12
Q

solid bump on the skin larger than 0.4 inch (1 centimeter) that can be easily felt

A

nodule

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13
Q

skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping

A

excoriation

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14
Q

abbreviated ACD; an allergy to an ingredient or a chemical, usually caused by repeated skin contact with the chemical

A

allergic contact dermatitis

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15
Q

closed, irregularly developed sac that contains pus, semifluid, or morbid matter, above or below the skin; cannot be drained

A

tubercle

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16
Q

condition involving visible capillaries, 0.02 to 0.04 inch (0.5 to 1.0 millimeter) in diameter, commonly found on the face, particularly around the nose, cheeks, and chin

A

telangiectasia

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17
Q

most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly nodules

A

basal cell carcinoma

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18
Q

acquired superficial thickened patch of epidermis; a callus

A

keratoma

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19
Q

also known as pinkeye; infection of the eye(s) that may be caused by bacteria or virus; can be extremely contagious

A

conjunctivitis

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20
Q

any type of irregular mass varying in size, shape, and color

A

tumor

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21
Q

formerly called acne rosacea, chronic condition that appears primarily on the cheeks and nose; characterized by flushing (redness); telangiectasia (distended or dilated surface blood vessels); and in some cases the formation of papules and pustules

A

rosacea

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22
Q

abbreviated ICD; occurs when irritating substances temporarily damage the epidermis

A

irritant contact dermatitis

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23
Q

thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue

A

keloid

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24
Q

deficiency in perspiration or the inability to sweat; often a result of damage to autonomic nerves

A

anhidrosis

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25
Q

characterized by an accumulation of material on the skin surface, such as a crust or scab, or by depressions in the skin surface, such as an ulcer

A

secondary skin lesions

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26
Q

plural: bullae; large blister containing a watery fluid; similar to a vesicle; requires medical referral

A

bulla

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27
Q

overproduction of pigment; appears as dark splotches

A

hyperpigmentation

28
Q

most serious form of skin cancer; often characterized by black or dark brown patches that are uneven, jagged, or raised

A

malignant melanoma

29
Q

benign (harmless) keratin-filled cysts that appear just under the epidermis with no visible opening

A

milia

30
Q

product that has been designed and proven to not clog the follicles

A

noncomedogenic

31
Q

small skin elevation that contains no fluid but may develop pus

A

papule

32
Q

environmental factors that contribute to aging skin aging

A

extrinsic factors

33
Q

unstable molecules that cause biochemical aging, especially wrinkling and skin sagging

A

free radicals

34
Q

also known as acne vulgaris; skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands from retained secretions and bacteria

A

acne

35
Q

foul-smelling perspiration, usually noticeable in the armpits or on the feet; generally caused by bacteria

A

bromhidrosis

36
Q

Dead cells that form over a wound or blemish while healing; accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidermal cells

A

crust

37
Q

also known as birthmark; malformation of the skin due to irregular pigmentation or dilated capillaries

A

nevus

38
Q

small blister or sac containing clear fluid, lying within or just beneath the epidermis

A

vesicle

39
Q

irregular growth of the skin

A

hypertrophy

40
Q

singular: lentigo; technical term for freckles—small yellow to brown spots on skin exposed to sunlight and air

A

lentigines

41
Q

excessive sweating caused by heat or general body weakness

A

hyperhidrosis

42
Q

also known as scar; lightly raised mark on the skin formed after an injury or skin lesion has healed

A

cicatrix

43
Q

inflammation of the skin caused by having contact with certain chemicals or substances

A

contact dermatitis

44
Q

also known as cicatrix; a lightly raised mark or depressed skin area formed as a result of the healing process related to an injury or lesion

A

scar

45
Q

skin condition caused by an inflammation of the sebaceous glands; often characterized by redness, dry or oily scaling, crusting, stubborn dandruff, and/or itchiness

A

seborrheic dermatitis

46
Q

inflammatory condition of the skin

A

dermatitis

47
Q

small spot or blemish on the skin ranging in color from pale tan to brown or bluish black

A

mole

48
Q

crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis; examples include severely cracked and/or chapped hands and lips

A

fissure

49
Q

lack of pigment that results in light or white splotches

A

hypopigmentation

50
Q

cannot survive in the presence of oxygen

A

anaerobic

51
Q

type of skin cancer more serious than basal cell carcinoma; often characterized by scaly red papules or nodules; can spread to other parts of the body

A

squamous cell carcinoma

52
Q

also known as wart; hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis; caused by a virus

A

verruca

53
Q

allergic reaction created by repeated exposure to a chemical or a substance

A

sensitization

54
Q

congenital hypopigmentation, a rare genetic condition characterized by absence of melanin pigment in the body, including the skin, hair, and eyes

A

albinism

55
Q

recurring viral infection that often presents as a fever blister or cold sore

A

herpes simplex I

56
Q

uncomfortable inflammatory disease of the skin that is often chronic; characterized by moderate to severe inflammation, scaling, and sometimes severe itching

A

eczema

57
Q

open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body; accompanied by pus and loss of skin depth and possibly weeping fluids or pus

A

ulcer

58
Q

also referred to as pregnancy mask; a form of hyperpigmentation that is characterized by bilateral patches of brown pigmentation on the cheeks, jawline, forehead, and upper lip due to hormonal imbalances such as pregnancy or birth control pills

A

melasma

59
Q

irregular brown or wine-colored skin discoloration with a circular and/or irregular shape

A

stain

60
Q

raised, inflamed, papule with a white or yellow center containing pus in the top of the lesion

A

pustule

61
Q

small brown or flesh-colored outgrowth of skin

A

skin tag

62
Q

hereditary condition that causes hypopigmented (milky white) spots and splotches on the skin

A

vitiligo

63
Q

change in pigmentation of skin caused by exposure to the sun or ultraviolet light

A

tan

64
Q

marks on the skin; may indicate an injury or damage that changes the structure of tissues or organs

A

lesions

65
Q

also known as sebaceous cyst; large, protruding, pocketlike lesion filled with keratin; frequently seen on the scalp and back

A

epidermoid cyst

66
Q

a condition characterized by hyperpigmentation in spots that are not elevated and is generally caused by cumulative sun exposure or aging; similar to melasma

A

chloasma

67
Q

lesions that are a different color than the color of the skin and/or are raised above the surface of the skin

A

primary lesions

Hair Chemistry (25 decks)

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