Foundations Ch 05 Vocabulary Infection Control

Question 1

a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system; caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer 1

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Question 2

chemical germicides formulated for use on skin; registered and regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Answer 2

antiseptics

Question 3

showing no symptoms or signs of infection

Answer 3

asymptomatic

Question 4

single-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics; some are harmful; some are harmless

Answer 4

bacteria

Question 5

bacteria capable of producing a protective coating that allows them to withstand very harsh environments and to shed the coating when conditions become more favorable to them

Answer 5

bacterial spores

Question 6

capable of destroying bacteria

Answer 6

bactericidal

Question 7

colonies of microorganisms that adhere to environmental surfaces, as well as the human body

Answer 7

biofilms

Question 8

disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV

Answer 8

bloodborne pathogens

Question 9

break down stubborn films and remove the residue of products such as scrubs, salts, and masks

Answer 9

chelating soaps
(aka chelating detergents)

Question 10

a mechanical process using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs; also removes invisible debris that interferes with disinfection; required before disinfecting

Answer 10

cleaning

Question 11

able to be communicated; transferable by contact from one person to another

Answer 11

communicable

Question 12

disease that is capable of being spread from one person to another

Answer 12

contagious disease
(aka communicable disease)

Question 13

the presence, or the reasonable anticipated presence, of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface, or visible debris or residues such as dirt, hair and skin

Answer 13

contamination

Question 14

determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or diagnostic tests; federal regulations prohibit salon professionals from performing this

Answer 14

diagnosis

Question 15

transmission of pathogens through touching (including shaking hands), kissing, coughing, sneezing, and talking

Answer 15

direct transmission

Question 16

an abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function

Answer 16

disease

Question 17

chemical products approved by the EPA designed to destroy most bacteria (excluding spores), fungi, and viruses on surfaces

Answer 17

disinfectants

Question 18

a chemical process that uses specific products to destroy harmful organisms (except bacterial spores) on environmental surfaces

Answer 18

disinfection

Question 19

the ability of a product to produce the intended effect; on a disinfectant label, it indicates specific pathogens destroyed or disabled when used properly

Answer 19

efficacy

Question 20

contact with non-intact (broken) skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infections materials, which is the result of the performance of an employee’s duties

Answer 20

exposure incident

Question 21

single-celled organisms that grow in irregular masses and include molds, mildews, and yeasts; they can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm

Answer 21

fungi

Question 22

capable of destroying molds and fungi

Answer 22

fungicidal

Question 23

a bloodborne virus that causes disease and can damage the lifer

Answer 23

hepatitis

Question 24

an inflammatory disease of the skin caused by a viral infection and characterized by small vesicles in clusters

Answer 24

herpes simplex virus

Question 25

virus that causes HIV disease and AIDS

Answer 25

human immunodeficiency virus

Question 26

virus that can infect the bottom of the foot and resembles small black dots, usually in clustered groups; also a cutaneous viral infection commonly contracted through sexual transmission and exhibited by genital warts

Answer 26

human papilloma virus (HPV)

Question 27

transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an intermediate contaminated object such as a razor, extractor, nipper, or an environmental surface

Answer 27

indirect transmission

Question 28

the invasion of body tissues by disease-causing pathogens

Answer 28

infection

Question 29

the methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms from one individual to another

Answer 29

infection control

Question 30

caused by or capable of being transmitted by infection

Answer 30

infectious

Question 31

disease caused by pathogenic (harmful) microorganisms that enter the body; it may or may not be spread from one person to anoterh

Answer 31

infectious disease

Question 32

a condition in which the body reacts to injury, irritation, or infection, characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling

Answer 32

inflammation

Question 33

an infection, such as a pimple or abscess, that is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus

Answer 33

local infection

Question 34

type of infectious bacteria that is high resistant to conventional treatments such as antibiotics

Answer 34

methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Question 35

any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size

Answer 35

microorganism

Question 36

a type of fungus that affects plants or grows on inanimate objects but does not cause human infections in the barbership

Answer 36

mildew

Question 37

items that can be cleaned, disinfected, and used on more than one person, even if the item is accidentally exposed to blood or body fluids; reusable

Answer 37

multiuse

Question 38

a large family of bacteria that is often found in soil and water

Answer 38

mycobacterium

Question 39

ha

Question 40

harmless microorganisms that may perform useful functions and are safe to come in contact with since they do not cause disease or harm

Answer 40

nonpathogenic

Question 41

an item that is made of a material that has no pores or openings and cannot absorb liquids

Answer 41

nonporous

Question 42

illness resulting form conditions associated with employment, such as prolonged and repeated overexposure to certain products or ingredients

Answer 42

occupational disease

Question 43

organisms that grow, feed and shelter on or inside another organism, while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism

Answer 43

parasites

Question 44

disease caused by parasites, such as lice and mites

Answer 44

parasitic disease

Question 45

harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection in humans when they invade the body

Answer 45

pathogenic

Question 46

disease produced by organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites

Answer 46

pathogenic disease

Question 47

infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice

Answer 47

pediculosis capitis

Question 48

tuberculocidal disinfectants that are a form of formaldehyde, have a very high pH, and can damage the skin and eyes

Answer 48

phenolic disinfectants

Question 49

made or constructed of a material that has pores or openings; absorbent

Answer 49

porous

Question 50

a fluid created by infection

Answer 50

pusco

Question 51

products designed for disinfection of nonporous surfaces; they are appropriate for use in noncritical (noninvasive) environments and are effective against most pathogens of concern in the salon, spa, or barbershop environment.

Answer 51

quaternary ammonium compounds (quats)

Question 52

a fungal infection of the skin that appears in circular lesions

Answer 52

ringworm

Question 53

a chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level

Answer 53

sanitation (sanitizing)

Question 54

a contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite, which burrows under the skin

Answer 54

scabies

Question 55

common household bleach; an effective disinfectant for the salon, spa, and barbershop

Answer 55

sodium hypochlorite

Question 56

guidelines published by the CDC that require the employer and employee to assume that any human blood and body fluids are potentially infectious

Answer 56

Standard Precautions

Question 57

pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like a bunch of grapes; causes abscesses, pustules, and boils

Answer 57

staphylococci

Question 58

the process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores

Answer 58

sterilization

Question 59

an infection where the pathogen has distributed throughout the body rather than staying in one area or organ

Answer 59

systemic infection

Question 60

also known as barber's itch; a superficial fungal infection that commonly affects the skin; it is primarily limited to the bearded areas of the face and neck or around the scalp

Answer 60

tinea barbae

Question 61

a fungal infection of the scalp characterized by red papules, or spots, at the opening of the hair follicles

Answer 61

tinea capitis

Question 62

often referred to as phenolics, are proved to kill bacterium that cause tuberculosis, in addition to other pathogens destroyed through the use of hospital disinfectants

Answer 62

tuberculocidal disinfectants

Question 63

a disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing

Answer 63

tuberculosis

Question 64

capable of destroying viruses

Answer 64

virucidal

Question 65

a parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms. It is capable of replication only through takin over the host cell's reproductive function

Answer 65

virus