GROWTH AND MAINTENANCE Flashcards

1
Q

refers to the minimum energy expenditure to maintain essential life processes

A

basal metabolism or fasting catabolism

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2
Q

correlated increase in the mass of the body to reach the size at maturity fixed by heredity;
reflected in increased weight and size;
characterized by: increase the number and size of cells

A

growth

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3
Q

energy requirement for growth

A

energy from carbohydrates, fats and protein is driving force for tissue synthesis and anabolism.

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4
Q

ways of energy restriction

A
  1. limits the total feed intake

2. lower the energy content or density of the ration ex. make ration bulky

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5
Q

practical measure of growth performance of farm animals

A
  1. average daily gain weight (ADG)

2. feed efficiency (F/G)

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6
Q

factors greatly affecting growth performance

A
  1. hereditary (breed or strain of the animal)

2. environment (nutrition and management)

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7
Q

ADG(kg) & F/G kg feed/kg (liveweight gain)

growing pigs (improved crossbreds)

A
  1. 4 - 0.6

2. 5 - 3.5

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8
Q

ADG(kg) & F/G kg feed/kg (liveweight gain)

growing cattle (native)

A
  1. 4 - 0.5

11. 0 - 12.0

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9
Q

ADG(kg) & F/G kg feed/kg (liveweight gain)

growing cattle (native-zebu grades)

A
  1. 5 - 0.7

10. 0 - 11.0

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10
Q

ADG(kg) & F/G kg feed/kg (liveweight gain)

broiler (modern strains)

A
  1. 5 - 1.8 (6-7 weeks)

2. 0 - 2.3

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11
Q

constitute large portion of expenses in any livestock enterprise

A

feeds

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12
Q

most extensively used method for determining the nutritive value of feeds

A

proximate analysis/ weende analysis

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13
Q

proximate analysis/ weende analysis

includes ffg. analysis in: (5)

A
  1. moisture
  2. crude fat
  3. crude fiber
  4. crude protein
  5. ash
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14
Q

determined by accurately weighing finely ground sample before and after drying to constant weight at 105C for at least 5 hrs.

A

moisture

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15
Q

residue that includes all ether soluble susbtances such as waxes, essential oils, and pigments but is mostly fat and fatty acid esters

A

crude fat

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16
Q

a rough measure of the portion of carbohydrates poorly used by monogastric animals

A

crude fiber

17
Q

total N multiplied by a factor 6.25 based on the data that protein contains as average of 16% N

A

crude protein

18
Q

the residue remaining after combustion

A

ash