DAIRY PRODUCTION

Question 1

nature’s most perfect food;
with its assortment pf protein, fat, lactose (milk sugar), minerals, vitamins, enzymes, and water;
low in Fe, and vitamin C

Answer 1

MILK

*young animals consuming nothing but milk may develop anemia

Question 2

nutritional importance of milk (2)

Answer 2

1. contains all the essential amino acids needed by humans

2. the protein of milk is composed of casein, lactalbumin, globulin, and serum albumin

Question 3

most abundant protein consistent in milk;

has many uses in addition to providing protein in the diet.

Answer 3

casein

Question 4

is part of the enzyme system that synthesizes lactose in the mammary gland. it is part of the enzymes into milk as a by-product and becomes part of milk protein

Answer 4

lactalbumin

Question 5

are structural parts of antibodies

Answer 5

protein globulins

Question 6

first milk a female produces after the young is born;
contains antibodies that give the new born protection from harmful microorganisms that invade the body and causes illness

Answer 6

colostrum

Question 7

other constituents of milk w/c are important in bone growth and other body functions

Answer 7

• lactose

* minerals such as Ca and P

Question 8

several vitamins in milk

Answer 8

vitamin A
vitamin B complex
vitamin D
Vitamin E

Question 9

vitamin that help keep the intestinal tract and skin proper repair

Answer 9

vitamin A

Question 10

vitamin that prevents scurvy (a disease characterized by bleeding, spongy gums and loose teeth

Answer 10

vitamin C

Question 11

Required Dietary Allowance (RDA) for milk for filipinos

Answer 11

30 kg

Question 12

milk consumption per filipino per year

Answer 12

16 kg/yr

Question 13

milk consumption per filipino mean one day per capita food consumption

Answer 13

803 g

Question 14

milk and milk products

Answer 14

44g (5.48%)

44 x 365 days = 16, 060 g

Question 15

total milk required by 75 million filipinos

Answer 15

30kg x 75M = 2250Mkg

Question 16

local production of milk

Answer 16

10.21 million kg

Question 17

percentage of imports of cream and milk, mainly in powder form

Answer 17

91%

Question 18

percentage imports of butterand butterfat

Answer 18

5%

Question 19

percentage imports of curd

Answer 19

3%

Question 20

percentage imports of cheese

Answer 20

1%

Question 21

imported milk

Answer 21

1904.25 million kg (402.12M US dollar)

Question 22

source of milk importation

Australia =
New Zealand =
Netherlands =
USA =

Answer 22

Australia = 44.5%
New Zealand = 20.7%
Netherlands = 8.3%
USA = 7.4%

Question 23

exportation, basically exports of milk and cream products and dairy spreads

Answer 23

51. 1M kg (14.04M US dollar)

Question 24

Act integrates all govt. dairy programs into the NDA or National Dairy Authority;
Signed into law by president Fidel V. Ramos on February 20, 1995 and became effective on March 12, 1995

Answer 24

Dairy Development Act of 1995 (R.A. 7884)

Question 25

organized in 1962 froim the Dairy Husbandry Division of the Department of animal Science UPLBCA; mandated to conduct research and training in dairy production and technology

Answer 25

DTRI (Dairy Training and Research Institute)

Question 26

were developed mainly from the taurine species

Answer 26

conventional dairy cattle

Question 27

factors in choosing cattle for milk production (2)

Answer 27

1. breed popular in the community | 2. high salvage value of the animal

Question 28

breed that are being promoted by the government (2)

Answer 28

1. Holstein | 2. Bos indicus breed Sahiwal known as Australian Friesian Sahiwal (AFS)

Question 29

best indicators that a cow will remain a high producer for a long time; dairy operators use this indicator in selction of dairy cows

Answer 29

*properly attched udder and strong feet

Question 30

dependent on reproduction since it is is secondary sex characteristics

Answer 30

milk production

Question 31

most dairymen agree with this ideal calving interval to maximize production and profit

Answer 31

month calving interval * a normal cow can be described as one that becomes pregnant on the 1st or 2nd service and produces a live healthy calf every 12 - 13 mos.

Question 32

bull's volume of semen/ejaculate

Answer 32

varies from 2 - 15ml w/ average of 5- 6 ml

Question 33

sperm concentration

Answer 33

ranges from 1 - 3B sperm per ml , w/ an average of about 2B per ml.

Question 34

% motile cells

Answer 34

0 - 85%, average of 70%

Question 35

average ejaculate contains about how many motile cells?

Answer 35

7B (5ml semen x 2 B/ml x 70%) *in natural service, with these values no more than 15% abnormal sperm (head or tail abnormalities)

Question 36

bull service per yr in natural service

Answer 36

50 - 100 cows

Question 37

bull service per yr in AI

Answer 37

10,000 - 20,000 cows

Question 38

use to collect semen in AI

Answer 38

artificial vagina

Question 39

Artificial insemination (read)

Answer 39

* volume is recorded and the ejaculate concentration (spematozoa per ml) motility and morphology) * an average ejaculate of 5ml semen that conatins 1.25B live cells per ml after freezing contains enough spematozoa for 500 - 600 inseminations.

Question 40

semen in AI should be diluted w/ ?

Answer 40

semen is diluted w/ an egg-yolk-citrate extender or milk base extender

Question 41

if semen in AI is to be frozen it should be diluted w/ ?

Answer 41

glycerol

Question 42

are calculated to yield a final motile spermatozoa per insemination of 10 - 12 M

Answer 42

dilution rates

Question 43

semen should be packaged in?

Answer 43

ampules or straws

Question 44

where the semen should be stored and temperature required?

Answer 44

frozen and stored usually in liquid Nitrogen storage tank at a temp of -300 to -320 deg F (-128 to -196 deg cel)

Question 45

viability period of semen that is maintained in correct temperature

Answer 45

it will remain viable for 10-15 yrs or more

Question 46

cow's Reproductive Physiology (read)

Answer 46

1. ova produced in follicle of the ovary, realease from follicle (ovulation) 2. picked up the infindubilum of the oviduct 3. move and fertilized in the oviduct (fertilization) 4. moved in uterine horn (4-6 days) 5. implanted in uterus (30-33days) 6. embryo is carried in uterus while developing into a full term calf 7. calf dischrage through cervix, vagina and vulva