Group Counseling Flashcards
Universality
Recognition he or she is not alone. Helps eliminate the isolation and demoralization the individual is feeling.
Advantages of group counseling
- Sense of safety because there are other people the counselor can focus on.
- Vicarious and direct learning experience.
- In a group, an individual is expected to be concerned about other members.
- Cost-efficient.
Interactions with others in a safe environment can…
- Promote the learning of healthy interpersonal relationships
- Allow the practice of new behavior before trying it in the real world.
- Permit honest feedback that guides the individual.
Group orientation should include…
- group ground rules
- statements about the purpose of the group
- Statements about expectations of group members and leaders.
Yalom 12 factors that help group members change (1-4)
- instillation of hope
- universality
- imparting information
- altruism
Yalom 12 factors that help group members change (5-8)
- Corrective recapitulation
- Socializing techniques
- Imitative behavior
- interpersonal learning
Yalom 12 factors that help group members change (9-12)
- Notice new interpersonal skills
- Group cohesiveness
- Catharsis
- Existential factors (self-responsibility)
Stages of group development: initial stage
Each member is concerned about acceptance, identity, power, and intimacy.
Stages of group development: transition stage
Focus shifts to dominance, control, and power.
Stages of group development: working stage
The group has emerged from its conflicts with a sense of oneness and cohesiveness.
Stages of group development: final stage
Termination, important force in the process of change because it prepares the members for post-group independence, emphasizing process, not event.
Group process
The continuing development of the individual member and the group as a whole which involves many changes.
3 processes an individual must go through in order to allow a group to be helpful.
- Compliance
- Identification
- Internalization
The 4 truths a leader helps group members accept
- Only I can change the world I have created for myself.
- There is no danger in change.
- To attain what I really want, I must change.
- I can change, I am powerful.
Four steps that promote change
- Here is what your behavior is like.
- Here is how your behavior makes others feel.
- Here is how your behavior influences the opinion others have of you.
- Here is how your behavior influences your opinion of yourself.
Meta communication
The how and why of communication
Styles of leadership: authoritarian
-Leader is viewed as an expert.
-Communication is through the leader.
-Leader is responsible for success of group.
-Used by psychoanalytical or educational model approach.
Styles of leadership: democratic
-Leader is viewed as a facilitator.
-Communication flows both ways.
-Humanistic approach
-Leader shares responsibility for members for success.
Styles of leadership: laissez-faire
-Leader acts as a member leaderless group
-Typically unproductive
Functions of a leader
- Emotional stimulation
- Meaning attribution (explanation of the world)
- Executive function (limit setting, time management)
Problematic client types
- Silent client
- Boring client
- Monopolizing client
- Self-righteous client
- Hostile client
Blocking
Client behavior mean to interfere with group progress.
ACOA’s
Adult children of alcoholics
The family roles of Sharon Wegscheider Cruse: The Enabler
- The Enabler (provides protection that enables the alcoholic to keep drinking.)
The family roles of Sharon Wegscheider Cruse: The Hero
- The hero (usually the oldest child, an achiever who achieves something to make parents proud to forget the problem).
The family roles of Sharon Wegscheider Cruse: The scapegoat
- The scapegoat (usually the second child - negative attention seeker to take
The family roles of Sharon Wegscheider Cruse: The lost child
- The lost child (usually the youngest child, role is to cause no trouble for the family)
The family roles of Sharon Wegscheider Cruse: The mascot
- Usually the third or middle child, senses something is wrong but receives reassurance from others nothing is wrong, causing them to have anxiety and feelings of going crazy.
-Remains stuck in clowning around/babyish behavior.
The family roles of Claudia Black: The responsible one
Usually the oldest, takes on the responsibility of making the family run smoothly
The family roles of Claudia Black: The adjuster
Learns to get along by denying that trouble/some events don’t bother him/her
The family roles of Claudia Black: the placater
Is considered the sensitive child but is always trying to make others feel better.
The family roles of Claudia Black: the acting-out child
This child draws negative attention to him/herself through behavior such as delinquency.
What is the goal of an intervention?
Treatment for the alcoholic.
If an intervention is well-prepared and the family has made some recovery before confrontation, there is a greater than ____ percent chance that the intervention will be a success.
75%
Irvin Yalom’s Therapeutic Factors
Here and now process groups, stresses immediate reactions and affective experiences, therapeutic activities, and rehabilitative narrative.
Underlying values of group counseling.
- Every individual has dignity and worth.
- All people have a right and need to realize their full potential.
- Every individual has basic rights and responsibilities.
- The counseling group acts out democratic values and promotes shared decision making.
- Every individual has the right to self-determination in setting and achieving goals.
- Positive change is made possible by honest, open, meaningful interaction.
Initial Stage of Group Development
-Members are unsure of one another
-Approach-avoidance dilemma
-Group leader works to facilitate cohesiveness
Middle stage of group development
Conflict peaks as members establish rank among one another.
Working stage of group development
-Trust has developed
-True affiliation and intimacy characterize this stage
Final Stage of group development
Members generalize learned strategies outside the group setting and share those experiences. Group comes to an end.
Bruce Tuckman’s 5 Stages of Group Development
- Forming
- Storming
- Norming
- Performing
- Adjourning
