Grade 9 French Regime Flashcards
What allowed the french to go out and explore the New World?
New technologies such as the invention of new ships and the compass.
Why did the King send Jacques Cartier to explore?
- To find a route to Asia
- To find gold and riches
- To claim land for the King
What were the geographic differences between France and New France?
N.F. was extremely cold in the winters. The French were not used to this climate and would have to learn to adapt to it or die.
What is the river that runs through Quebec and creates a natural geographic route?
The St-Lawrence River.
How were the French Influenced by the natives?
They were taught how to survive the winters, they learn about new food and tobacco, and they incorporate new transportation methods such as canoes and snow-shoes.
What is a colony?
A colony is a territory that is conquered by another country and is used to increase the wealth of the mother country.
What is mercantilism?
It is an economic theory that bases a country’s wealth on the accumulation of gold and silver.
How did mercantilism have a negative impact on the colony of New France?
The French were too focused on making money and accumulating natural resources to enrich the mother country’s wealth. They did not focus on creating a proper colony with a diversified economy or increasing the population/
When did Cartier claim the land of Quebec for the King of France?
In 1534
When was the first permanent settlement established in Quebec?
In 1608 Qc. City, by Samuel de Champlain.
Who was the the founder of Ville-Marie and when was it settled?
Paul Chomedey de Maisoneuve in 1642.
To what end was the settlement of Ville-Marie founded?
To convert the natives to Christianity.
What was the main economic activity under the French Regime?
The fur trade.
Jacques Cartier had not found gold or precious metals in New France. What did he find that was of value and could be sold in exchange for gold and silver in Europe?
Fur.
Who was in charge of colonizing New France between 1627-1663?
The company of 100 Associates
Who was in charge of colonizing New France and running the colony after 1663?
The Royal Government
Name the various roles of the Church.
They converted natives and took care of religious issues
They took care of the sick and ran hospitals
They ran schools
Who formed the largest social group in N.F.?
The third estate, commoners, peasants, farmers.
Describe triangular trade.
The colonies of France would supply France (the mother country) with raw materials, the mother country would turn raw materials into products and then in turn sell those products to their other colonies.
What was the Company of 100 Associates supposed to do in exchange for a monopoly on the fur trade?
They were responsible to populate the land of Qc. (bring in people from France to live here)
What was the role of the parish priest?
To keep track of the births, deaths, and marriage certificates, to deliver any new to the people, and to preach.
Who else coveted the land North of and including Qc?
The British
Why did the French lose the 7 years war?
They had too large a territory, they had too small a population, and they were too dependent on France to supply them with soldiers and weapons.
In your opinion was Jacques Cartier successful in his mission?
No: he did not find gold or a route to Asia.
OR
Yes: He claimed land for the king of France.
How lifestyle of the Natives and the French differ?
They Natives believed in raising their children through experience. Europeans raised their children and taught them through punishment.
The natives had a profound respect for the land.
The French abused the natural resources and saw the land as a means to enrich the mother country.
The Natives had an animistic religion.
The French were Roman Catholics
Why was it so difficult to encourage people to come live in New France?
It was cold, dangerous due to attacks from Iroquois, and Qc. was very isolated.
What were Jean Talon’s 3 main objectives as the first intendant of New France?
- Increase the population
- Diversify the economy
- Improve agriculture
How did the french divide their land in New France?
According to the seigneurial system.
Describe the land division system in New France.
They were long narrow strips of land, rectangular, located along the St-Lawrence. The seigneur owned the land and divided it among the censitaires (tenants).
What was the name of the economic theory adhered to by the French?
Mercantilism
