GPWS, WINDSHEAR & TCAS Flashcards
GPWS CAUTION
- CAUTION OBSTACLE
- CAUTION TERRAIN
- TERRAIN
- DON’T SINK
- GLIDESLOPE
- SINK RATE
- TOO LOW FLAPS / GEAR / TERRAIN
- BANK ANGLE
GPWS PULL UP WARNING
- PULL UP
- TERRAIN TERRAIN PULL UP
- OBSTACLE OBSTACLE PULL UP
GPWS Maneuver
- Disengage Autopilot
- Disconnect Autothrottle
- Aggressively Apply Max Thrust
- Simultaneously roll wings level & rotate to 20*
- Set the speedbrake lever to down
- If terrain remains a threat, continue up to the PLI, stick shaker or buffer
- Do not change flap or gear configuration until terrain separation is assured
- Monitor radio altimeter for sustained or increasing terrain separation
- When clear of the terrain, slowly decrease pitch attitude and accelerate
GPWS requires input from?
- Air data system
- IRS
- ILS
- Radio Altimeters
- GPS
Altitude used for height measurement is a blended solution of?
- GPS ALT
- BARO ALT
- RAD ALT
- Static Air Temp
The 7 GPWS Alerts are?
MODE
1 - Excessive and severe descent rate
2 - Excessive terrain closure rate
3 - Altitude loss after T/O or G/A
4 - Unsafe terrain clearance when not in the LDG Config
5 - Excessive deviation below an ILS glide slope
6 - Altitude callouts and bank angle callouts
7 - Windshear
PULL UP ALERTS - time to projected time of impact?
20-30 seconds
Shown in solid RED on the HSI
CAUTION TERRAIN / OBSTACLE Alerts - time to projected time of impact?
40-60 seconds
Shown as solid AMBER on the HSI
MODE 1
Excessive descent rate
“SINK RATE” and “PULL UP”
1000’ ~ 2600fpm for SINK RATE
500’ ~ 1800fpm for SINK RATE
1000’ ~ 3500fpm for PULL UP
500’ ~ 2250fpm for PULL UP
MODE 2
MODE 2A and 2B
Excessive Terrain Closure rate
“TERRAIN TERRAIN”
“PULL UP”
2A - with flap not in landing postion
2B - with flap in landing position
MODE 3
Altitude loss after T/O or G/A
“DON’T SINK”
“TOO LOW TERRAIN”
MODE 4
MODE 4A and 4B
Unsafe terrain clearance while not in the landing configuration
4A - “TOO LOW, GEAR”
4B - “TOO LOW, FLAP”
MODE 5
Below glide slope deviation
“GLIDESLOPE”
Alerts 1.3 dots below a glideslope signal
MODE 6
Altitude and bank angle callouts
- 100, 50, 30, 20, 10
- “BANK ANGLE”, > 150’ RA, occurs when AOB 40*
- “BANK ANGLE”, < 150’ RA, progressively to AOB 10* below 30’ RA
- — Inhibited below 5’ RA
MODE 7
WINDSHEAR
Windshear Warning System
Provides an immediate windshear alert when an excessive downdraft or tailwind is occuring
Windshear immediate-alert warnings
- Enabled below 1500’ RA
- GPWS windshear detection begins at rotation
Windshear T/O precautions?
- Use MAX T/O THR
- Most FLAP possible
- Use the longest runway
- Increase Vr to the performance limit gross weight rotation speed, not to exceed actual gross weight Vr plus 20kts
- Avoid STAB TRIM change until the a/c is stabilised
“WINDSHEAR AHEAD, WINDSHEAR AHEAD” prior to V1, what would you do?
Reject as a general rule
“WINDSHEAR AHEAD, WINDSHEAR AHEAD”, after V1, what would you do?
- Perform the windshear escape maneuver;
- At Vr, rotate at the normal rate to 15*, then once airborne, complete the escape maneuver;
- If you can’t stop before the end of the runway due to a strong tailwind shear, continue to 2000’ from the end of the runway, then rotate, even if the airspeed is low. Ensure MAX THR set
“MONITOR RADAR DISPLAY”
Maneuver as required to avoid
APPR / LDG Precautions
- Use runway with less chance of windshear
- Use Flap 25
- Stabilised approach early
- Monitor path using vertical speed and VASI
- IIncrease target approach speed
- Review the windshear escape procedure
“GO AROUND, WINDSHEAR AHEAD”
You guessed it!
Unacceptable flight path deviations, indicating Windshear?
- 15kts
- V/S 500fpm
- 5* pitch attitude
- 1 dot displacement on the glideslope
- unusual thrust position for a significant time
