GORD Flashcards
1
Q
where in the world is it more common?
A
-western
2
Q
underlying cause of GORD
A
-reflux of gastric acid, pepsin, bile and duodenal contents back into the oesophagus due to incompetent lower oesophageal sphincter
3
Q
symptoms
A
- heart burn
- unpleasant taste in mouth
- cough/ hiccups
- hoarse voice
- bad breath
- bloating
- nausea
- weight loss
- chest pain
4
Q
investigations
A
- endoscopy if >55, symptoms >4 weeks, dysphagia, persistent symptoms despite weight loss
- Ba swallow
- Intraluminal pH monitoring
5
Q
what will be seen on endoscopy if GORD present?
A
- Barretts oesophagus
- oesophagitis
- peptic stricture
6
Q
complications
A
- oesophageal carcinoma
- Barretts oesophagus
- oesophagitis
- peptic stricture
7
Q
management
A
- PPIs
- H2 antagonists
- antacids
8
Q
treatment for GORD
A
- lose weight, smoking cessation, avoid larger meals at night, avoid alcohol, avoid fatty foods, elevate head of bed
- omezaprole, rabeprazole (PPIs)
- H2RA
- fundoplication
9
Q
mechanism of PPIs
A
-irreversibly inhibit H+/K+ ATPase pump, leading to reduced HCL secretion
10
Q
what’s a peptic stricture
A
narrowing of the oesophagus, making it hard to swallow food
11
Q
what is barretts oesophagus
A
a condition where part of the normal oesophageal squamous epithelium is replaced by metaplastic columnar mucosa to form a segment of ‘columnar lined oesophagus’
12
Q
complications of Barretts oesophagus?
A
-oesophageal cancer
