GIT Path: Biliary Tree, Gall Bladder and Pancreas Flashcards
gastrinomas are associated with MEN ___
MEN (multiple endocrine neoplasia) 1
IPMN of the pancreas arise from the ____ (part of pancreas)
head
pain is usually the first symptom in pancreatic adenocarcinoma due to ______
invasion of the posterior abdominal wall and nerves
hyper/hypocalcemia is a feature of acute pancreatitis
hypocalcemia due to fat necrosis with calcium deposition which appears radiopaque
what is Whipple triad
- low blood glucose
- presence of hypoglycemic symptoms
- resolution when blood glucose is normalized
seen in insulinomas (β cells of pancreas)
80% of the cases of acute pancreatitis is associated with _____ and _____
gallstones and alcohol
________ has a stroma rich pancreatic tumor
ductal adenocarcinoma
all others are stroma poor
Roitansky Aschoff sinus is a morphological feature of _____
chronic cholecystitis
how can you tell the difference between a IPMN (intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm) or Mucinous cystic neoplasm of the pancreas?
both ave tall columnar mucin producing cells
IPMN: most arise from the head of the pancreas and NO ovarian type stroma (not a lot of cells)
MCN: most arise from the tail of the pancreas, almost exclusively in women, and have ovarian type stroma (have a lot of cells)
acinar cell carcinoma results in ↑ release of _______
lipase → subcutaneous fat necrosis and panniculitis
↑ levels of CA-19-9 is indicative of what type of carcinoma?
pancreatic adenocarcinoma
what is trousseau’s sign? where do you see it
migratory thrombophlebitis (inflammation of the blood vessels due to clot) seen with pancreatic adenocarcinoma
genetic causes such as pancreatic divisum is a cause of ____ pancreatitis
chronic pancreatitis
describe a few features of histology of pancreatic adenocarcinoma
- ductal type
- dense stromal fibrosis (desmoplasia)
- propensity for perineurial invasion → pain that is the first symptom
the most common causes of pancreatic insufficiency are ____ and _____
CF and pancreatitis