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Pharm Block 2 > GIT > Flashcards

GIT Flashcards

1
Q

1) prodrugs = inactive
2) need H+ to activate
3) enteric coated capsules (absorbed in intestines)
4) reach parietal cell
5) decrease intrinsic factor - pernicious anemia

A

proton pump inhibitors

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2
Q

1) secreted into caniliculi and activated by acid
2) irreversibly inhibit the proton pump
3) > 90% reduction in acid secretion in 24 hrs
4) heals ulcers

A

proton pump inhibitors

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3
Q

ADR:

1) hyperchloridemia with long term use can lead patient to be vulnerable to h. pylori

A

proton pump inhibitors

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4
Q

used to treat ulcers, Gerd, Zollinger Ellison syndrome

A

proton pump inhibitors

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5
Q

clopidogrel is less effective when given with proton pump inhibitor; no anti platelet activity - MI

A

ADR of proton pump inhibitors

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6
Q

decrease in acid

1) vit B12 releases from food
2) iron, Ca2+, Mg2+ absorbs decrease

A

proton pump inhibitors

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7
Q

proton pump inhibitor drugs

A

omeprazole and “prazoles”

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8
Q

most effective anti ulcer drug

A

omeprazole

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9
Q

supresses basal acid secretion
inhibits nocturnal acid secretion
taken once daily at bedtime
excreted by kidney so lower dose in renal disease

A

H2 receptor antagonists

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10
Q

treat duodenal ulcers, Gerd, Zollinger Ellison syndrome

A

H2 receptor antagonists

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11
Q

blocks H2 receptors in parietal cells & inhibit about 65% of acid secretion

A

H2 receptor antagonists

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12
Q

1) inhibits CYP450
2) inhibits breakdown of estradiol - gynecomastia & impotence in men, galactorrhea in women
3) interacts with warfarin, phenytoin, theophylline, leading to toxicity and seizures

A

Cimetidine - H2 receptor antagonists

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13
Q

H2 receptor antagonists

A

Cimetidine and other “tiding”

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14
Q

cannot be given as stand alone treatment for peptic ulcer

A

sucralfate

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15
Q

acts only if gastric pH is less than 4

speeds up healing process

A

sucralfate

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16
Q

used to treat duodenal ulcers not NSAID induced
increases healing and ulcer recurrence
needs H+ become sticky gel - cover ulcer

A

sucralfate

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17
Q

crosslinks and polymerizes HCL in stomach to form a viscous sticky gel to buffer acid
protects for up to 6-8 hrs
stimulates PGE2 production causing: increase mucus and HCO3 secretion

A

sucralfate

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18
Q

treats NSAID and corticosteroid induced peptic ulcers

A

misoprostol

19
Q

synthetic PGE1 analog
increases mucus and HCO3
protects from ulceration as well

A

misoprostol

20
Q

diarrhea and cramps

A

ADR of misprostol

21
Q

Contraindications in pregnant women - increase uterine contractility - abortion

A

misoprostol

22
Q

used to treat H pylori induced peptic ulcers

A

bismuth subsalicyclate

23
Q

increases mucus ans prostaglandin production
protective coating over ulcer
eradicates H pylori infection

A

bismuth subsalicyclate

24
Q

ADR: black stool, black tongue, neurotoxicity

A

bismuth subsalicyclate

25
Q 
promote upper GI motility 
enhance coordinated contraction of antrum and duodenum 
increase gastric emptying 
relief of gastric stasis
decrease gerd
antiemetic
A

prokinetics

26
Q

contraindicated in patients with bowel obstruction

A

prokinetics

27
Q

muscarinic agonist

increases GI motility

A

bethanechol

28
Q

AchE inhibitor

increases GI motility and inhibits Ach degradation

A

neostigmine

29
Q

D2 selective antagonist = antiemetic
5HT4 receptor agonist = increase GI motility
crosses BBB

A

metoclopramide

30
Q

treats nausea usually associated with chemotherapy and gastroparesis

A

metoclopramide

31
Q

hyperprolactinemia, extra pyramidal effects, tardive dyskinesia

A

metoclopramide

32
Q

D2 selective antagonist = antiemetic
does not cross BBB
can be given to Parkinson’s pts

A

domperidone

33
Q

used to treat: nausea associated with chemo, gastroparesis, stimulates milk secretion in women in pregnancy

A

domperidone

34
Q

hyperprolactinemia and less CNS effects

A

domperidone

35
Q

serotonergic agonist - activates 5HT4, inhibits 5HT3

A

cisapride

36
Q

No D2 activity = No CNS side effects, no hyperprolactinemia

A

cisapride

37
Q

increase GI motility, hyper motility of colon, not antiemetic

A

cisapride

38
Q

used to treat constipation

A

cisapride

39
Q

blocks IKR K+ channels in GIT and heart

A

cisapride

40
Q

causes ventricular arrhythmia by TDP when combined with CYP450 inhibitors like ketaconazole, macrolides

A

cisapride

41
Q

5HT4 agonist

increase GI motility

A

mosapride

42
Q

macrolide antibiotic
motion agonist - peptide hormone (secreted from M cells in GI)
increases gastric emptying
increases duodenal contraction

A

Erythromycin

43
Q

used to treat: diabetic gastric paresis, causes autonomic neuropathy leading to constipation

A

Erythromycin

Pharm Block 2 (22 decks)

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