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Pharmacology > GI System > Flashcards

GI System Flashcards

1
Q

The function of the GI system is

A

digestion of food and absorption of nutrients and water

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2
Q

Disorders are related to_ from _ _ _ and abnormal movement of _

A

damage from gastric acid secretion

food

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3
Q

Disorders of GI tract

  1. damage to the (upper/lower) GI mucosa resulting in a _ ulcer
  2. GI motility
  3. digestion and _
  4. infections and _ invasions
A

damage to the upper GI mucosa resulting in a peptic ulcer
Digestion and vomiting
infections and parastic invasions

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4
Q

What are the side effects of excessive amounts of gastric acid?

a. ulcers
b. hemorrhage of stomach lining
c. vomiting
d. a and b

A

ulcers and hemorrhage of the stomach lining

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5
Q

The acidic nature of gastric juices is essential for

a. getting rid of bacteria
b. activating digestive protease activity and controlling intestinal bacteria
c. secretion
d. none of the above

A

activating digestive protease activity and controlling intestinal bacteria

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6
Q

Problems with drugs that are used to control gastric activity and secretion include

A

peptic ulcers
indigestion
epigastric pain (dyspepsia)
GERD

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7
Q

Which GI drug is used as an attempt to chemically neutralize the stomach acids?

a. Antacids
b. Histamine
c. Proton Pump Inhibitors
d. other agents

A

Antacids

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8
Q

Antacids contain bases to neutralize the acid (true/false)

A

true

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9
Q

Antacids are used to treat

a. acute and long term peptic ulcers, GERD
b. GERD, dyspepsia
c. minor gastric discomfort, peptic ulcers, chronic GERD
d. peptic ulcer and GERD

A

minor gastric discomfort
peptic ulcers
chronic GERD

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10
Q

Primary Antacids are classified as

A

aluminum-containing
magnesium-containing
calcium carbonate-containing
sodium bicarbonate containing

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11
Q

Side effects with antacids

A

constipation
diarrhea
acid rebound phenomenon

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12
Q

Which GI drug is used to stimulate specific H2 receptors on stomach parietal cells to increase gastric acid secretion?

a. Antacids
b. H2 receptor blockers
c. Proton Pump Inhibitors
d. other agents

A

H2 receptor blockers

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13
Q

Use of H2 receptor blockers

a. acute and long term peptic ulcers, GERD
b. acute and long term peptic ulcers, dyspepsia, GERD
c. minor gastric discomfort, peptic ulcers, chronic GERD
d. peptic ulcer and GERD

A

acute and long term peptic ulcers, dyspepsia, GERD

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14
Q

Side Effects of H2 antagonists

A

headache
dizziness
mild GI problems
acid rebound

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15
Q

Which drug is used to inhibit H+, K+-ATPase enzyme responsible for secreting acid from gastric parietal cells into the lumen

a. Antacids
b. H2 receptor blockers
c. Proton Pump Inhibitors
d. other agents

A

Proton Pump Inhibitors

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16
Q

Proton Pump Inhibitors are used to treat

A

helicobacter pylori infections

control acid secretion

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17
Q

PPI’s are more effective in controlling acid secretion than H2 blockers and antacids (true/false)

A

true

18
Q

Side Effects of PPI

A

acid rebound

19
Q

A gram negative bacterium that is often present in the upper GI tract in people with gastric ulcer disease

a. antacid
b. Helicobacter pylori
c. anticholinergic
d. Prostaglandins

A

Helicobacter pylori

20
Q

Treatment of H pylori infection may improve the prognosis of patients with _ or _

A

gastric ulcers or other upper GI problems

21
Q

Anticholinergic is used to

A

?

22
Q

Metoclopramide enhances the effect of _ (a neurotransmitter)

A

ACH

23
Q

Metoclopramide is a _ receptor antagonist used to _ the gut

A

dopamine

settle the gut

24
Q

What inhibits gastric secretion and helps protect the stomach mucosa by stimulating gastric mucus secretion

a. anticholinergic
b. metoclopramide
c. prostaglandin

A

prostaglandin

25
Q

Diarrhea is a result of poor food _ and _

A

absorption and dehydration

26
Q

Opioid derivatives for diarrhea bind to _ receptors in the gut and _ gut motility

A

mu receptors

slow gut mobility

27
Q

Side effects of antidiarrheal

A

nasuea
abdominal discomfort
constipation
other GI disturbances

28
Q

Adsorbents are administered to

a. absorb substances
b. distribute nutrients
c. rid harmful substances in the intestine
d. rid harmful substances in the kidney

A

rid harmful substances in the intestine

29
Q

Adsorbents get rid of harmful products by causing

A

diarrhea

30
Q

Which drug stimulates H20 and electrolyte absorption in the GI tract resulting in a decrease in fecal fluid loss?

a. PPI
b. Antacids
c. Bismuth Salicylate
d. H2 receptors

A

bismuth Salicylate

31
Q

Bismuth has _ effects

Salicylate inhibits production of _ prostaglandins that irritate the lining of the intestine

A

antibacterial

bad

32
Q

Which of the following drugs decreases gastric secretion and acts as an antacid?

a. antacids
b. bismuth salicylate
c. antidiarrhea
d. opioid

A

bismuth salicylate

33
Q

Laxatives are used for

A 
pts on bed rest
infrequent or painful BMs
spinal cord injuries
pts straining during defecation 
before surgical or diagnostic procedures
34
Q

Which type of laxitive absorbs h20 and swells inside the GI tract to stimulate peristalsis?

a. bulk forming laxative
b. stimulant laxatives
c. hyperosmotic laxatives
d. lubricants

A

bulk forming laxative

35
Q

Which type of laxative is believed to activate peristalsis by a direct effect on the gut wall

a. bulk forming laxative
b. stimulant laxatives
c. hyperosmotic laxatives
d. lubricants

A

stimulant laxatives

36
Q

Which type of laxative produces a gradient that draws H20 into the bowel and small intestine to stimulate peristalsis?

a. bulk forming laxative
b. stimulant laxatives
c. hyperosmotic laxatives
d. lubricants

A

hyperosmotic laxatives

37
Q

Which type of laxative facilitates H20 entry into fecal mass to soften stool making it easier to go?

a. bulk forming laxative
b. stimulant laxatives
c. hyperosmotic laxatives
d. lubricants

A

lubricants and stool softeners

38
Q

Side effects of laxatives

A

nausea and cramps
spastic colitis
fluid and electrolyte abnormalities

39
Q

What GI drug aids in digestion of food?

a. digestants
b. emetics
c. antiemetics

A

digestants

40
Q

What GI drug induces vomiting and helps rid posions in the stomach?

a. digestants
b. emetics
c. antiemetics

A

emetics

41
Q

What GI drug decreases nausea and vomiting associated with motion sickness and response to CA treatments?

a. digestants
b. emetics
c. antiemetics

A

antimetics

42
Q

Rehab concerns

A

stress ulceration syndrome
prolonged bed rest and SCI - cause constipation and fecal impaction
chemotherapy causes nausea and vomiting

Pharmacology (13 decks)

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