GI physiology

Question 1

Prochlorperazine

Answer 1

Prokinetic - do not give give in bowel obstruction

Question 2

Prokinetic antiemetics

Answer 2

Metocloperamide
Prochlorperazine
Can cause oculogyric crises if given together

Question 3

Serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonist

Answer 3

Ondansentron

Question 4

Substance P

Answer 4

NK1 receptor
Promotes peristalsis

Question 5

Mu receptor

Answer 5

Opioids and loperamide
Inhibits peristalsis

Question 6

Motilin

Answer 6

Moves gut contents along

Question 7

Erythromycin

Answer 7

Increases gut motilin

Question 8

What is lactulose made up of?

Answer 8

Galactose and fructose
Farts smelly need to go to galaxy because fruity

Question 9

Where is gastrin produced?

Answer 9

G cells
Stomach mucosa

Question 10

Action of gastrin

Answer 10

Increased gastric juice secretion

Question 11

Where is secretin produced?

Answer 11

S cells
Duodenal mucosa

Question 12

Action of secretin

Answer 12

Increased pancreatic juice secretion

Question 13

Action of CKK

Answer 13

Bile release from gallbladder
Sphincter of Oddi relaxation
Pancreatic secretions

Question 14

Action of GIP

Answer 14

Stimulates pancreatic insulin secretion
Inhibits gastric acid secretion

Question 15

Where is gastric acid produced?

Answer 15

Parietal cells

Question 16

Cephalic phase of digestion

Answer 16

Vagal

Question 17

Gastric phase of digestion

Answer 17

Gastric
Vagal

Question 18

Intestinal phase of digestion

Answer 18

Gastric
Vagal
Secretin/GIP

Question 19

Where is trypsinogen converted to trypsin?

Answer 19

Brush border (enterokinase)

Question 20

Which nerve at risk during gastric band and fundoplication?

Answer 20

Vagus

Question 21

Consequence of vagal nerve injury

Answer 21

Gastric paresis

Question 22

Where is ghrelin produced?

Answer 22

Fundus of stomach

Question 23

Where is leptin produced?

Answer 23

Adipose tissue

Question 24

B12 deficiency

Answer 24

Manifests over 3-4 years
Megaloblastic anaemia

Question 25

Iron deficiency anaemia

Answer 25

Microcytic Months

Question 26

Thiamine (B1) deficiency

Answer 26

Peripheral neuropathy, heart failure Korsakoffs

Question 27

Riboflavin (B2) deficiency

Answer 27

Stomatitis, glossitis

Question 28

Niacin (B3) deficiency

Answer 28

Pellagra - dermatitis, dementia, diarrhoea

Question 29

Folate (B9) deficiency

Answer 29

Megaloblastic anaemia Neural tube defects

Question 30

Vitamin C deficiency

Answer 30

Scurvy

Question 31

HIDA scan

Answer 31

Radioisotope given, fatty meal given, observes gallbladder action

Question 32

Signs of hypocalcemia

Answer 32

Tetany Perioral tingling

Question 33

Where is calcium absorbed?

Answer 33

Proximal jejunum and duodenum

Question 34

Features of tumour lysis syndrome

Answer 34

High phosphate High uric acid Hyperkalaemia Hypocalcaemia