Neuro pathology Flashcards
Vessel affected in extradural haematoma
Middle meningeal artery
Why is extradural biconvex?
Due to attachment of dura to suture lines
Principle describing lucid interval in extradural
Monro-Kellie principle
Demographic of subdural haematoma
Elderly people
Alcoholic
Location of extradural haematoma
Between skull and dura
Location of subdural haematoma
Between dura and arachnoid
Shape of extra dural
Biconvex
Shape of subdural
Crescenteric
Location of subarachnoid haemorrhage
Between arachnoid and Pia mater
LP findings in subarachnoid
Xanthochromia
Why is nimodipine prescribed following SAH?
To prevent vasospasm which advances neurology
Anterior infarct
Usually affects lower limb
Middle cerebral infarct
Usually affects upper limb
Causes of berry aneurysm (large)
Congenital
PCKD
Ehlers-danlos
Causes of Charcot-Bouchard aneurysm (small)
Microaneurysm
HTN
Which nerve is compressed first during cerebral aneurysm?
Oculomotor compressed by posterior communicating artery
Location of action of mannitol
Proximal and descending convoluted tubule
Doctors needed to determine brainstem death
5 years GMC registered
Most common primary brain tumour
Glioblastoma multiforme
Appearance of glioblastoma
Butterfly appearance in midline
Demographic for glioblastoma
> 65 years
Risk factors for meningioma
BENIGN
Females - oestrogen
Prior radiation
Brain tumour with dural “tail”
Meningioma
Nerves likely to be compressed at cerebellopontine angle
CN 8, 7 & 5
Vestibulocochlear, facial & trigeminal
Bilateral schwannoma
Neurofibromatosis type 2
(Cafe au lait spots)
Scan for ?schwannoma
MRI T2
