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Lower limb anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

L4 dermatome

A

Anterior knee
Medial malleolus
Medial calf

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2
Q

L1 dermatome

A

Groin

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3
Q

L2 dermatome

A

Thigh

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4
Q

L3 dermatome

A

Above and at medial knee

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5
Q

L5 dermatome

A

Lateral knee and great toe

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6
Q

S1 dermatome

A

Lateral malleolus and little toe

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7
Q

Hip flexors

A

Iliopsoas
Rectus femoris
Tensor fascia lata

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8
Q

Hip extensors

A

Gluteus maximus
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris

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9
Q

Hip abductors

A

Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus

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10
Q

Hip adductors

A

Adductor brevus
Adductor longs
Adductor magnus

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11
Q

Stab to lateral thigh

A

Gluteus medius

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12
Q

Inferior gluteal nerve injury

A

Supplies gluteus maximus
Weak hip extension
Unable to stand from chair

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13
Q

Superior gluteal nerve injury

A

Supplies gluteus medius and minimus
Trendelenberg test

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14
Q

Injury to sciatic nerve

A

Weakened hip extension and knee flexion

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15
Q

Location of sciatic nerve

A

Inferior border of piriformis

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16
Q

Innervation of long head of biceps

A

Tibial branch of sciatic nerve
ALL OTHER HAMSTRING MUSCLES SUPPLIED BY COMMON PERONEAL

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17
Q

Anterior hip dislocation

A

Abducted and externally rotated

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18
Q

Posterior dislocation

A

Adduction and internal rotated

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19
Q

Borders of femoral triangle

A

Roof - fascia lata
Floor - pectinous, iliopsoas, adductor longus
Superior border - inguinal ligament
Lateral border - medial border of sartorius
Medial border - adductor longus

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20
Q

Contents of femoral triangle

A

Femoral nerve, artery, vein, canal (empty space and lymph nodes)
NAVEL
Femoral nerve outside of sheath

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21
Q

Contents of adductor canal

A

Saphenous nerve
Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Lymphatic vessels

22
Q

Lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh

A

Meralgia paresthetica
Tight - clothing
Loose - obesity, pregnancy, cyclist

23
Q

Obturator nerve palsy

A

Pelvic surgery - radical prostatectomy
Pelvic mass - ovarian mass
Anterior hip dislocation

24
Q

Blood supply to head of femur

A

Medial circumflex - MOST important
Lateral circumflex

25
Q

Atraumatic causes of AVN

A

Steroids
Sickle cell disease
SLE
Spirits (alcohol)

26
Q

ACL injury

A

Sudden haemarthrosis
Pop
ACL slender and weaker

27
Q

PCL injury

A

Anterior force to tibia

28
Q

Collateral ligaments

A

Valgus force –> MCL
Varus force –> LCL

29
Q

Medial meniscus

A

Bucket handle tear

30
Q

Pes Anserinus

A

Semitendinosis tendon
Gracilis tendon
Sartorius tendon
Runners
Hill walking

31
Q

Most superficial nerve when approaching popliteal fossa

A

Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh

32
Q

Popliteal fossa

A

Popliteal artery
Popliteal vein
Common peroneal nerve
Tibial nerve

33
Q

Nerve at danger during Baker’s cyst repair

A

Saphenous nerve

34
Q

Anterior compartment lower leg

A

Tibias anterior
EDL
EHL
Peroneus tertius

35
Q

Innervation of anterior compartment lower leg

A

Deep peroneal nerve

36
Q

Superficial posterior muscles of lower leg

A

Gastroc
Plantaris
Soleus

37
Q

Innervation of superficial and deep posterior compartment lower leg

A

Tibial nerve

38
Q

Deep posterior muscles of lower leg

A

Tibialis posterior
FHL
FDL
Popliteus

39
Q

Lateral muscles of lower leg

A

Peroneus longus
Peroneus brevis

40
Q

Innervation of lateral compartment lower leg

A

Superficial peroneal nerve

41
Q

Common peroneal nerve injury

A

Foot drop
Lateral side of lower leg

42
Q

Innervation of sensation on lateral foot

A

Sural (tibial) nerve

43
Q

Innervation of sensation of 1st webspace

A

Deep peroneal nerve

44
Q

Contents of tarsal tunnel

A

Tom, Dick And Very Nervous Harry
Tibialis posterior tendon
flexor Digitorum longus tendon
posterior tibial Artery
posterior tibial Vein
tibial Nerve
flexor Hallucis longus

45
Q

ATFL

A

Always Tears First

46
Q

Sinus tarsi syndrome

A

Between calcaneum and talus

47
Q

Lisfranc joint

A

Between cuneiforms and metatarsals

48
Q

Chopart joint

A

Between talus and navicular

49
Q

Most common site of stress fracture

A

2nd metatarsal

50
Q

Mortons neuroma

A

Neural degeneration and perineurial fibrosis between 3rd and 4th metatarsals

51
Q

Lymph drainage from lower limb

A

Superficial T
Horizontal –> scrotum and labia
Vertical –> lower limb
Superficial –> deep –> external iliac –> common iliac

MRCS (25 decks)

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