Urology pathology Flashcards
Use of MAG III renogram
Obstruction - to check filtration
Use of DMSA renogram
To check function/scarring
Landmarks of ureter
On top of psoas
Tip of transverse process of lower 4 lumbar vertebrae
Bifurcation of common iliac artery
Over SI joint
Ischial spine
Narrowings of ureter
PUJ
Bifurcation of common iliacs
VUJ
Most common type of kidney stone
Calcium oxalate
Organism associated with stag horn stone
Proteus - alkaline urine
Causes of uric acid stones
Gout
Chemo
Blood cancers
Contraindications to ESWL
Pregnancy
Egg shell calcification of aorta
Blood thinners
Most common cause of kidney infection
E coli
Most common cause of kidney infection with gas in system
E coli
Most common cause of kidney infection in immune compromised people
Klebisella
Most common cause of kidney infection in people travelling to Egypt
Schistosomiasis
Most common cause of kidney infection in people travelling to Egypt
TB
Extraperitoneal bladder trauma
Alcoholic
Full bladder
Seat belt
Could have palpable bladder
Intraperitoneal bladder trauma
RTA
Blood at urethral meatus
High riding prostate
No palpable bladder
Cell type lining navicular fossa
Squamous cell
Cell type lining penile urethra
Columnar
Cell type lining prostatic urethra
Urothelium/transitional
Which layer is a continuation of Scarpa’s into penis?
Colle’s
Which fascial layer breaks in urethral injury?
Bucks
Which fascial layer collects in urethral injury?
Colles
Which area is likely to be injured in posterior urethral injury?
Bulbo membranous urethra
Which structure is broken in penile fracture?
Corpus cavernosum
Treatment of low-flow priapism
Aspiration
Adrenaline - alpha 2 agonist
Narrowest part of male urethra
Meatus then membranous urethra
Layers of scrotum
Some Damned Examiner Called It The Testes
Skin
Dartos muscle and fascia
External spermatic fascia
Cremasteric muscle and fascia
Internal spermatic fascia
Tunica vaginalis
Most common testicular cancer
Seminoma
Most common testicular tumour
Lymphoma
Yolk sac tumour
Young men - < 10 yo
Teratoma
20s
Malignant in men, benign in women
Seminoma
30s
Fried egg appearance
Which part of nephron affected in PCKD?
DCT
Most common electrolyte disturbance in post obstructive diuresis
Hypokalaemia
Nerve injury causing impaired erection
Nervi erigentes
