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Upper limb anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Borders of scalene triangle

A

Anterior scalene
Middle scalene
First rib

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2
Q

Subclavian steal syndrome

A

Narrowing at subclavian before vertebral artery

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3
Q

Muscles dividing axillary artery into 3

A

Pec minor

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4
Q

1st part of axillary artery

A

Superior thoracic artery

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5
Q

2nd part of axillary artery

A

Lateral thoracic artery and thoracoacromial artery

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6
Q

3rd part of axillary artery

A

Anterior circumflex humeral artery, posterior circumflex humeral artery and sub scapular artery

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7
Q

Which number when discussing moo/dermatomes?

A

Bottom numbers

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8
Q

C5 dermatome

A

Sergeant’s patch
Axillary nerve

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9
Q

C6 dermatome

A

Thumb

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10
Q

C7 dermatome

A

Middle finger

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11
Q

Structures at risk during anterior approach to shoulder

A

Thoracoacromial artery
Musculocutaneous nerve

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12
Q

Coracoid process attachments

A

3 muscles
Pec minor, coracobrachialis, short head of biceps
3 ligaments
Coracoacromial ligament, coracohumeral ligament, coracoclavicular ligament

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13
Q

0-15 degrees arm abduction

A

START - supraspinatus

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14
Q

15-100 degrees arm abduction

A

DURABILITY - deltoid

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15
Q

> 90 degrees arm abduction

A

TERMINATE - trapezius

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16
Q

Innervation of supraspinatus

A

Suprascapular nerve

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17
Q

Innervation of deltoid

A

Axillary nerve

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18
Q

Innervation of trapezius

A

Accessory nerve

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19
Q

Innervation of serrates anterior

A

Long thoracic nerve

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20
Q

Which muscles attach to greater tubercle of humerus?

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

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21
Q

Which muscles attach to lesser tubercle of humerus?

A

Subscapularis

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22
Q

Empty can test

A

Tests abduction and internal rotation
Supraspinatus

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23
Q

Upper brachial palsy

A

Erb’s
SAM - proximal muscles
Suprascapular
Axillary
Musculocutaneous

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24
Q

Lower brachial palsy

A

Klumpke’s’
Distal muscles
Claw hand - C8-T1

25
Q

Nerve at risk in anterior shoulder dislocation

A

Axillary nerve
Regimental patch - C5

26
Q

Musculocutaneous nerve supply

A

Biceps brachii
Flexion of elbow
Supinator of forearm

27
Q

Radial nerve injury above spiral groove

A

Crutch palsy
Wrist drop
Loss of sensation
Lateral upper arm

28
Q

Radial nerve injury at spiral groove

A

Midshaft humeral fracture
Wrist drop
Loss of sensation volar hand

29
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Supplied before radial nerve divides into PIN

30
Q

PIN

A

Hitch hike sign

31
Q

Which thumb movement cannot be done if palm down on table?

32
Q

Cubital triangle borders

A

Superior - between medial and lateral epicondyles
Lateral - brachioradialis
Medial - pronator teres

33
Q

Contents of cubital fossa

A

Really Need Beer To Be At My Nicest
Radial nerve
Biceps tendon
Brachial artery
Median nerve

34
Q

Nerve injury associated with supracondylar fracture

A

AIN - median

35
Q

Which muscle does AIN supply?

36
Q

Colle’s fracture

A

Dinner fork

37
Q

Nerve at risk in Colle’s fracture

A

Median nerve

38
Q

Which carpal bone is near thumb?

39
Q

Borders of anatomical snuffbox

A

Ulnar border - EPL
Radial border - EPB & APL
Proximal border - radial styloid

40
Q

Blood supply of scaphoid bone

A

Supplied by distal end (retrograde)
Dorsal carpal branch - radial artery
Superficial palmar arch

41
Q

NICE guidelines - imaging for scaphoid fracture

A

1st line - MRI
2nd line - bone scan

42
Q

Anterior dislocation of wrist

A

Lunate dislocation
Spilled teacup sign

43
Q

Guyon’s syndrome

A

Ulnar nerve palsy
Cyclist

44
Q

Innervation of forearm flexors

A

Median nerve EXCEPT for flexor carpi ulnaris and medial half of flexor digitorum profundus which are ULNAR nerve

45
Q

Muscles innervated by median nerve in hand

A

1/2 LOAF
Lateral 2 lumbricals - thenar eminence
Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis

46
Q

Muscles innervated by ulnar nerve in hand

A

1/2 LOAF
Medial 2 lumbricals - hypothenar eminence
Opponens digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis

47
Q

Innervation of lumbricals

A

2 lateral - innervated by median nerve
2 medial - innervated by ulnar nerve

48
Q

Innervation and action of palmar interossei

A

Ulnar nerve
PAD
Palmar interossei - adduct

49
Q

Innervation and action of dorsal interossei

A

Ulnar nerve
DAB
Dorsal interossei - abduct

50
Q

Which muscle flexes DIP?

A

Flexor Digititorum Profundus

51
Q

Which muscle flexes PIP?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

52
Q

Where to test sensation of ulnar nerve in hand?

A

Check at the ulnar border of tip of little finger

53
Q

Where to test sensation of median nerve in hand?

A

Check at the radial border of tip of index finger

54
Q

Where to test sensation of radial nerve in hand?

A

Check at the dorsal surface of first digital web space

55
Q

Atraumatic causes of carpal tunnel

A

Endocrine
- DM
- Hypothyroidism
- Acromegaly

MSK
- RA
- Gout
- Acromegaly

  • Pregnancy
  • ESRF - amyloidosis
56
Q

Ulnar nerve palsy

57
Q

Ulnar paradox

A

Closer to the paw, worse the claw

58
Q

Froment’s test

A

Assesses ulnar nerve palst –> adductor pollicis

MRCS (25 decks)

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