GI ML: 5

Question 1

What is the largest portion of the GI tract

Answer 1

small intestine

Question 2

Where does the small intestine begin

Answer 2

pyloric sphincter

Question 3

Where does the small intestine end

Answer 3

ileocecal sphincter

Question 4

What are the three parts of the small intestine

Answer 4

duodenum
jejunum
ileum

Question 5

What are the four things that increase SA

Answer 5

coilled length
circular folds
Villi
Micovilli

Question 6

where does digestion and absorption occur

Answer 6

microvilli
- where nutrient moves from GI lumen into epithelial cells

Question 7

What are the secretions of the small intestine

Answer 7

1500ml of water, mucus, and NaCl
500ml of bile
1500ml of pancreatic secretins

Question 8

Where do the liver and pacreas connect to small intestine

Answer 8

duodenum

Question 9

What are the two exocrine parts of the pancreas and what do they secrete

Answer 9

acinar cells= pancreatic enzymes
duct cells= bicarb

Question 10

What are the pancreatic enzymes

Answer 10

trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase
carboxypeptidase
lipase
amylase
ribonuclease, deocyribonuclease

Question 11

What is the substrate for trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase

Answer 11

proteins- break peptide bonds to form peptide fragments

Question 12

What is the substrate for carboxypeptidase

Answer 12

proteins- splits off terminal amino acid from carboxyl end of protein

Question 13

What is the substarte for lipase

Answer 13

triglycerides- splits off two fatty acids from triglcuerides forming free fatty acids

Question 14

What is the substarte for amylase

Answer 14

polysacchardies- into maltose

Question 15

What are bile salts made from and what is their job

Answer 15

made from cholestrol and emulsify fats

Question 16

Where are bile salts reabsorbed

Answer 16

distal ileum
-mostly reaborbed

Question 17

What feeds into the hepatic portal vein

Answer 17

capillaries from stomach, pancreas, small I, large I

Question 18

Once in vein what happens

Answer 18

nutrients are sent to liver for processing and then go through inferior vena cava to be put back into circulation

Question 19

What is motiliaty #1 in the small intestine

Answer 19

segmentation- alternating contration and relaxation at each location

Question 20

Where is contraction the fastest and slowest

Answer 20

duodenum and ileum

Question 21

What is segmentation mediated by

Answer 21

both short and long reflexes

Question 22

What does the segmentation do

Answer 22

mizes chyme with enzymes and bicarb to ensure more exposure of enzymes and neutralization of acid

Question 23

What is the second motility of the small intestine

Answer 23

MMC-migrating myoelectric complex

Question 24

When does MMC occur

Answer 24

after a meal during the post absorptive phase

Question 25

What is MMC

Answer 25

short distance peristaltic wave clears any remaining materials from intestine