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Phys EXAM 4 > GI ML: 1 > Flashcards

GI ML: 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the Gi Tract

A

-continuous tube from mouth to anus
- 7 sphincters of significance

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2
Q

What are the accessory organs of the gi tract

A

salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

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3
Q

What is the order of the 7 spinchters?

A
  1. upper esophageal sphincter
  2. lower esophageal sphincter
  3. pyloric sphincter
  4. sphincter of oddi
  5. ileocecal valve
  6. internal anal sphincter
    7/ external anal sphincter
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4
Q

Order of the digestive system

A
  1. mouth
  2. salivary glands
  3. pharynx
  4. trachea
  5. esophagus
  6. live
  7. gallbladder.
  8. stomach
  9. pancreas
  10. small intestine
  11. large intestine
  12. anus
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5
Q

What is the first layer of the GI wall

A

mucosa

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6
Q

What three things makes up the mucosa layer

A

epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosa

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7
Q

What is the job of the epithelium

A

surface area (villi) and secretions (crypts)

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8
Q

What is the job of the lamina propria

A

connective tissue

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9
Q

What is the job of the muscularis mucosa

A

thin layer of smooth muscle that makes flux and agitation

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10
Q

What is the second layer of the gi wall

A

submucosa

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11
Q

What are the two things that make up the submucosa

A

-major blood and lymthatic vessels
-submucosal plexus

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12
Q

What is the job of the blood vessels in the 2nd layer

A

vascular and lymphatic interface

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13
Q

What is the job of the submucosal plexus

A

ENS control of secretions
- can influence secretions of exocrine cells

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14
Q

What is the third layer of the gi wall

A

muscularis externa

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15
Q

What three things make up the third layer of the gi wall

A

-circular muscle
-myenteric plexus
-longitudinal muscle

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16
Q

What is the job of circular muscle

A

changes diameter

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17
Q

What is the job og the myenteric plexus

A

ENS control of muscle but aslo communicates with other plexus

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18
Q

What is the job of longitudinal muscle

A

changes length

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19
Q

What is the last layer of the gi tract and its job

A

serosa, connective tissue

20
Q

What can override the ens

A

the autonomic nervous system but usually these two agree

21
Q

What are the functions of the digestive system

A

-ingestion of foods and liquids containing nutrients and ions
-digestion of large molecules in foods and liquids in absorbable forms and then transport across the GI epithelium
-absorption of nutreints from the gut lumen into the internal envrionemnt (ecf)
-metabolic transformation of fuel molcules and detoxification of forign substances
-elimination of small amounts of end producys including bilirubin
- carrying out a variety of immune fuctions

22
Q

What are the four processes of the digestive system

A
  • motility
    -digestion
    -absorption
    -secretion
23
Q

motility

A

not just propel contents along but also mix and expose

24
Q

digestion

A

breakdown both mechanically and chemically

25
Q

absorption

A

small intestine dominates here

26
Q

secretion

A

mucus throughout, notable secretions throughout

27
Q

Amylase

A

breaks down big polysaccharides

28
Q

Sucrase

A

breaks down sucrose

29
Q

Lactase

A

breaks down lactose

30
Q

Maltase

A

breaks down maltose

31
Q

What are the protein enxymes

A

pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase, aminopeptidase

32
Q

What does pepsin, trypsin, and chymotrypsin break down

A

poplypeptides

33
Q

carboxypeptidase and aminopeptidase break down what

A

peptide fragments

34
Q

What does lipase break down

A

triglycerides

35
Q

Why is the amount absorbed so much greater than amount consumed

A

secretions

36
Q

Where do secretions come from

A

exocrine glands

37
Q

How much water/ solids do we ingest a day

A

water: 1200mL and 500-800g of solids

38
Q

How much is absorbed into the blood (small)

A

6700 ml

39
Q

How much is absorbed into the blood (large)

A

1400ml

40
Q

How much salivary secretions

A

1500ml

41
Q

How much gastric secretions

A

2000ml

42
Q

How much bile secretions

A

500ml

43
Q

How much pancretic secretions

A

1500

44
Q

How much intestinal secretions

A

1500ml

45
Q

How much is excreted from the body

A

feces 100ml water and 50-100g of solids

Phys EXAM 4 (20 decks)

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