GI

Question 1

Branches & level of the celiac trunk

Answer 1

Question 2

4 main veins draining the stomach

Answer 2

1. Left Gastric vein which drains into the hepatic portal vein.
2. Right Gastric vein which drains into the hepatic portal vein.
3. Left gastro-omental vein which drains first to the splenic vein then to the hepatic portal vein.
4. Right Gastro-omental vein which drains first to the superior mesenteric vein then to the hepatic portal vein

Question 3

what veins join to form the hepatic portal vein

Answer 3

inferior & superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein

Question 4

what two structures come together at the ampulla of vater

Answer 4

Common bile duct

Main pancreatic duct

Question 5

What is the sphincter that controls the Ampulla of Vater?

Answer 5

The sphincter of oddi

Question 6

Answer 6

Question 7

Blood supply of jejunum and ilium

Where do the veins surrounding the jejunum and ileum drain to?

Lymph drainage

Answer 7

Superior mesenteric artery

Superior mesenteric vein. This unites with the splenic vein at the neck of the pancreas to form the hepatic portal vein.

Superior mesenteric lymph modes-Pre-aortic nodes at L1

Question 8

large intestine

Answer 8

Question 9

How is the large intestine peritonised?

Answer 9

Caecum: intraperitoneal

Ascending Colon: Retroperitoneal

Transverse Colon: Intraperitoneal

Descending Colon: Retroperitoneal

Sigmoid Colon: intraperitoneal

Question 10

large intestine labelled

Answer 10

Question 11

What two structures open into the caecum

Answer 11

terminal ilium and the ascending colon

Question 12

What is McBurney’s point and why is it clinically useful?

Answer 12

Mcburneys point is a point that lies 1/3 of the distance laterally on a line drawn from the umbilicus to the right anterior superior iliac spine

Tenderness of McBurney’s point can be caused by acute appendicitis.

Question 13

Colon arterial & venous supply

Answer 13

Question 14

rectum arterial & venous supply

Answer 14

Question 15

lobes of the liver

Answer 15

Question 16

Round ligament of liver (also called as ligamentum teres) is the remnant of which embryological structure

what seperates the right and left lobes of the liver

Answer 16

Umbilical vein

Question 17

What is the porta hepatis

Answer 17

The hilum of the liver, through which all the neurovascular structures (except hepatic veins) and hepatic ducts enter or leave the liver

structures entering/leaving:

Hepatic artery

Portal vein

Lymphatic vessels

Extrahepatic bile duct

Right and left hepatic ducts

Question 18

structures in the portal triad

Answer 18

Portal vein

Hepatic artery

bile duct

Question 19

label the biliary system

Answer 19

Question 20

what is the function of bile

Answer 20

1. Carry waste away
2. Break down fats during digestion