Clinical repro anatomy Flashcards
What is the function of the testes?
Production of sperm and testosterone
What is the function of the epidydmis?
Maturation & storage of sperm
What is the function of the ductus deferent?
Transport sperm from the epidydmis to the urethra
> transports mature sperm into urethra in preperation for ejaculation
What is the function of seminal fluid
Components that induce capacitation of sperm cells (the induction of physical changes that allows the sperm cells to penetrate and fertilize the egg), while also acting as an immunosuppressive on the female genital tract
important for semen coagulation and sperm motility
What is the function of seminal glands?
Production of seminal fluid
What is the function of the bulbourethral glands?
Production of pre-ejaculate which helps to lubricate the urethra
What is the function of the papniform plexus of veins?
venous return and temperature regulation of the testes
What is the function of the cremaster muscle?
Temperature regulation of the testes by relaxing or tightening
Two functions of the pelvic diaphragm
- Support of abdominopelvic viscera through their tonic contraction.
- Urinary and faecal continence. The muscle fibres have a sphincter action on the rectum and urethra. They relax to allow urination and defecation.
Function of the rete testes?
Helps move sperm cells (male reproductive cells) from the testicle to the epididymis
Clinical significance of the perineal body?
Provides attachments of the muscles of the pelvic floor and helps prevent perineal organ prolapse
What is contained within the superficial peritoneal pouch?
Erectile tissues that form the penis and clitoris
and three muscles – the ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus and superficial transverse perineal muscles.
Bartholin’s glands are also located in the superficial perineal pouch. The pouch is bounded posteriorly to the perineal body.
WHat is contained withinthe deep perineal pouch?
> Part of the urethra, external urethral sphincter, and the vagina in the female. In males, it also contains the bulbourethral glands and the deep transverse perineal muscles.
Label
Perineal membrane
What membrane do the urethra and vagina peforate in females?
Perineal membrane
Fill in the blanks
WHat is the posterior border of hte perineal membrane attached to?
The perineal body
What is the function of the external anal sphincter
Voluntary control of defication
What is the function of hte superficial trasnverse perineal muscle?
Flexes and stabalises the perineal body
What is the function of the deep transverse perineal muscle?
Forms the urogenital diaphragm and anchors the perineal body, supporting the pelvic viscera
What is the function of the bulbospongiosus muscle in males?
WHen contracted stops the flow of urine
aids in fully emptying the urethra after urination.
contracts rhythmically during ejaculation, fascilitating movement of ejaculate through the urethra
What is the function of the ischiocavernosus muscle in males?
Steady contraction aiding in maintenance of erection.
- The muscle also undergoes rhythmic contraction in conjunction with bulbospongiosus during ejaculation.
- help maintain the erection and possibly to aid in moving the ejaculate through the urethra.
What is the function of the ischiocavernosus muscle in females?
Compress the corpus cavernosus muscle, restricting venous return and allowing clitoral errection in females
What is a secondary function of the urethral sphincters?
Prevent retrograde ejaculation of semen into the bladder
Function of bartholins glands
secrete lubricating mucus from small ducts during sexual arousal. They are located either side of the vaginal orifice.
What fascia covers the deep transverse perineal muscle
Perineal membrane
Innervation of the internal urethral sphincter
Autonomic, sympathetic
T10-L2 (prevents you from needing the loo)
Complete the blanks
