Genitourinary organisation and urinalysis

Question 1

What does detection of leukocytes indicate in a dipstick test?

Answer 1

UTI

Question 2

What does detection of nitrite indicate in a dipstick test?

Answer 2

Gram-negative bacteria in large number e.g. E. Coli

Question 3

What does detection of ketones indicate in a dipstick test?

Answer 3

Starvation or fasting or ketoacidosis

Question 4

What does detection of bilirubin indicate in a dipstick test?

Answer 4

Liver disease (cirrhosis or hepatitis) or gallstones

Question 5

What does detection of urobilinogen indicate in a dipstick test?

Answer 5

liver disease (cirrhosis or hepatitis) or haemolysis

Question 6

What does detection of glucose indicate in a dipstick test?

Answer 6

diabetes mellitus

Question 7

What does detection of low specific gravity indicate in a dipstick test?

Answer 7

nephrotic syndrome

Question 8

What does detection of blood indicate in a dipstick test?

Answer 8

UTI, nephritic syndrome, kidney stones

Question 9

Why is midstream sample used for urine analysis?

Answer 9

To avoid contamination with bacteria, protein or white blood cells that may be present around patients urethra or genitals