Genetic Engineering

Question 1

What is genetic engineering

Answer 1

Moving useful genes from one organisms chromosomes into the cells of another.

Question 2

How are restriction enzymes used to cut up dna or join dna together

Answer 2

Restriction enzymes recognise specific sequences of dna and cut the dna at these points
Ligand enzymes are used to join two pieces of dna together

Question 3

What is the name of two pieces of dna stuck together

Answer 3

Recombinant dna

Question 4

What are vectors used for

Answer 4

To inset dna into to other organisms

Question 5

What are the two types of vectors

Answer 5

Plasmids and viruses

Question 6

What are plasmids

Answer 6

Small circular molecules of dna that can be transferred between bacteria

Question 7

What are viruses

Answer 7

They inset dna into the organisms they infect

Question 8

How does genetic engineering work

Answer 8

1. The dna you want to insert is cut out with a restriction enzyme. The vector dna is then cut out using the same restriction enzyme
2. The dna you are inserting are then mixed together with ligaments enzymes
3. The lighters join the two pieces of dna together to produce recombinant dna
4. The recombinant dna is inserted into the other cells
5. These cells can now use the gene you inserted to make the protein you want.

Question 9

What is bacteria that conta the gene for human insulin

Answer 9

Transgenic

Question 10

What does transgenic mean

Answer 10

Contains genes transferred from another species