Characteristics Flashcards
What are the characteristics of plant cells
Multicellular, have chloroplasts, can photosynthesise, have cell walls, store carbs,
What are cell walls in plants made of
Cellulose
What do plants store carbs as
Sucrose or starch
What are examples of plant cells
Cereals: maize
Herbaceous legumes: beans, peas
What are the characteristics of fungi
Some are single celled, others have a body called mycelium, can’t photosynthesise, have cell walls, store carbs, fed by saprotrophic nutrition
What does fungi store carbs as
Glycogen
What is mycelium
Made of hyphae
What are fungi cell walls made of
Chitin
What is saprotrophic nutrition
When the fungi secretes extra cellular enzymes onto the food to dissolve the food so they can absorb nutrients.
What are fungi examples
Yeast (single celled)
Mucor (multicellulAr)
What are the characteristics of animal cells
Multi cellular, no chloroplasts, can’t photosynthesise, no cell one, stores carbs, has nervous coordination
What does nervous coordination mean in animal cells
Can respond to changes in the environment
What do animal cells store carbs as
Glycogen
What are the characteristics of protoctists.
Single celled, microscopic, some have chloroplasts(similAr to plant cells) some are more like animal cells
Examples of protoctosts
Chlorella (plant like)
Amoeba (live in pond water)
What are the characteristics of viruses
Particles rather than cells
Smaller than bacteria, come in different shapes and sizes, can only reproduce inside living cells (example of parasite) relies on other organisms to reproduce, infects all types of living organisms, have a protein coat around genetic material (DNA or RNA)
Examples of viruses
Influenza virus, tobacco mosaic virus, HIV
What are the characteristics of bacteria
Some can photosynthesise, most feed off other organisms living or dead, circular chromosomes of DNA, no nucleus, single celled and microscopic.
Examples of bacteria
Phemococcus (round) Lactobacillus bulgaricus (used to make yoghurt, rod shaped)
Carbohydrates….
Polymer: carbohydrate
Monomer:sugar (glucose)
Enzyme: amylase
Chemical elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
Protein…..
Polymer: protein
Monomer: amino acids
Enzyme: protease
Chemical elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,nitrogen
Lipids…
Polymer: lipids
Monomer: glycerol, 3 fatty acids
Enzyme:lipase
Chemical elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
DNA/RNA…
Polymer: DNA/RNA
Monomer:nuclaic acids
Enzyme:
Chemical elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus
