Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Part 2 Boards > General Xray > Flashcards

General Xray Flashcards

1
Q

what are the different types of spondylolisthesis

A 
1- dysplastic - congenital 
2- isthmic - pars alteration 
3- degenerative 
4- traumatic- fracture 
5- pathological disease 
6- iatrogenic - treatment induced 
7- pending - developing stress fracture - MRI needed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the most common site of spondylolisthesis

what is the most. common site of degenerative spondylolisthesis

A

L5 - most common

L4 - degenerative most common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

spondylolisthesis grading

A

meyerdings (grading)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

spondylolisthesis diagnosis

A

ulmanns (diagnosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the different treatment methods for each grade of spondylothesis

A 
meyerdings grading scale - adjust or not 
1 - adjust
2 - adjust 
3 - maybe 
4 - no

motion study for each as well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

spondyloptosis is what

which X-rays views help distinguish

what signs are presents if this condition is present

should you adjust

A

spondyloptosis is defined as 100% or greater subluxation of a superior vertebral body on an inferior one in the coronal or sagittal plane secondary to an injury [1]. Spondyloptosis results in one spinal segment being lodged in the anterior or posterior space of the adjacent segment

lateral lumbopelvic
ap spot

brailsfod bow
inverted napoleons hat sign

fuck no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the most common cause of spondylolisthesis

A

trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the contraindicated adjustment for spondylolisthesis

A

prone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the preferred adjustment for spondylolisthesis

A

supine knee to chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the most common type of spondylolisthesis

A

isthmic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the most common level of traumatic spondylolisthesis

A

L5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

should the colon have air in it

how about the small intestine

A

yes sure

no no no - indicates obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

stair stepping bubbles seen on xray indicate what

A

paralytic ileus
or
dynamic ileus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

soft issue is the same density as ___ - which is called what sign

A

water

silhouette sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

midline calcification MC

A

pancreatic calculi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

saccular calcification anterior to lumbar spine

A

AAA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

calcification of the gall bladder indicates

A

porcelain gall bladder - malignant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

enlarged gall bladder indicates what

A

hydrops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

calcification subcutaneously indicates what

A

scleroderma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is crest syndrome

A

associated with scleroderma

CREST

calcinosis of smooth muscle (esophagus and arteries)
raynauds 
esophageal achalasia 
sclerodactylyl 
telangiectasia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

aorta bifurcates at what level of lumbar spine

A

L2-L4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

aorta calcifications are described how

A

linear
curvilinear
saccular
fusiform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

dissecting aneurysms cause what type of pain

A

tearing pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

AAA is considered ___

___ is considered emergency

A

> 3.5 cm

> 5-6cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
best way to view gallstones
ultrasound
26
best way to view kidney stones
xray
27
bilateral flat hemidiaphram indicates what
COPD or emphysema
28
gastric line above diaphragm indicates what
hiatal hernia
29
lung collapse is referring to what how does the mediastinum shift primary sign
atelectasis towards lesion fissure displacement
30
air in the pleural space is referring to what mediastinum shifts how what view is needed
pneumothorax away from lesion expiratory film
31
spontaneous pneumothorax occurs to who
young male no trauma immediate pain
32
Kerly b lines are found in what conditionn
pulmonary edema
33
what causes fluid in the lungs which causes increased remits
pulmonary edema
34
what causes decreased fremitus
pleural effusion
35
which condition are lateral decubitus views helpful
pleural effusion
36
pan coast tumors are typically which type of tumor
bronchogenic
37
what is pan coast syndrome
lytic mets rib destruction horners syndrome
38
primary tumors often grow from small lesion into large mass which then cause
atelectasis
39
what is the spread called when it spreads from hilum interstitially
lymphogenous
40
what is the spread called when it spreads through the blood to entire lung field
hematogenous
41
which type of mets spread is associated with cannon ball mets
hematogenous
42
what causes granulomas from occupational dusts
pneumoconiosis
43
what are the different kinds of pneumoconiosis
silicosis anthracosis byssinosis asbestosis
44
sandblasting causes what
silicosis
45
black lung or coal mining causes what
anthracosis
46
cotton mill workers can get what
byssinosis
47
construction workers can get what
asbestosis
48
normal xray lung diagnosis
pleurisy
49
fissure displacement is caused by what
atelectasis
50
what condition can you obtain if you are in Mississippi or Ohio river valleys from birds
histoplasmosis
51
what condition can you obtain if you are in the San Joaquin valley
coccidioidomycosis
52
widened mediastinum typically indicates what
lymphoma
53
relapsing fever and anterior scalloping of the vertebral body indicate what
Hodgkins lymphoma | ivory vertetbrae
54
acro-osteolysis is seen in what condition
sarcoidosis
55
what is the staph story for infection
IV drug user leads to disci tis to carditis to tricuspid valve
56
air bronchograms indicate what
bacterial pneumonia
57
silhouette signs indicate what
bacterial pneumonia
58
cannonball lesions indicate what in the lungs
mets
59
expiratory film is needed when
pneumothorax
60
what is the pneumonic for primary bone cancers
``` MOCE multiple myeloma osteosarcoma chondrosarcoma Ewings sarcoma ```
61
what are secondary bone cancer
lytic and blastic
62
moth eaten lesions in bone indicate what
lytic mets or multiple myeloma
63
which tumor affects the endosteal bone which tumor affects the periosteal bone
MM sarcomas
64
winking pedicle indicates what
lytic mets
65
prostate causes what kind of bone mets
blastic
66
describe MM
OLDER vertebral collapse rain drops punched out
67
what tumor is not seen on bone scan
MM
68
MM lab findings
bence jones proteins reverse A/G ration increase SED IgM spike
69
bence jones proteins indicate what
MM
70
describe osteosarcoma MC's
``` young knee MC blastic MC codmans triangle spicculating radiating periosteal reaction ```
71
does MM have periosteal reaction
no
72
describe chondrosarcoma
adult lesion | secondary lesion to enchondroma or osteochondroma
73
describe Ewings sarcoma
``` young diaphysial tumor laminated periosteal saucerization permeative ``` MILD FEVER
74
diaphysial tumor in children in adults
ewings MM
75
epiphyseal tumors in children in adults
chondroblastoma giant cell
76
epiphyseal, children, oval, round, fluffy, cotton wool
chondroblastoma
77
epiphyseal, adult, soap bubble, expansile, quasi malignant
giant cell
78
exostosis, metaphysis, sessile or pedunculated
osteochondroma
79
autosomal dominant of multiple osteochondromas
hereditary multiple exostosis
80
coarse vertical trabeculae, stenosis, corduroy appearance
hemangioma
81
tumor from the notochord, medullary cavity fills with cartilage, usually appears in the sacrum
chordoma
82
geographic, lytic, hands
enchondroma
83
multiple enchondromas with soft tissues abnormalities
Olliers Maffuccis
84
dense, osseous, single round mass? multiple small masses?
enostoma or bone island osteopoikilosis
85
central vascular zone, radiolucent nidus, surrounded by dense sclerosis, neural arch, femur
osteoid osteoma
86
which tumor is relieved by aspirin for night pain
osteoid osteoma
87
giant osteoid osteoma, expansile lesion, neural arch or spinous may enlarge
osteoblastoma
88
solitary, metaphysical, oval shaped, scalloped border, soap bubble appearance, lytic, hazy
non ossifying fibroma
89
lytic, metaphyseal, geographic, small, sclerotic border
fibrous cortical defect
90
blood filled, eccentric, metaphseal, saccular, soap bubble, blown out appearance, finger in the balloon sign
aneurysmal bone cyst
91
singular, central, metaphyseal, filled will fluid, fallen fragment sign
simple bone cyst
92
what is another term for simple bone cyst
unicameral bone cyst
93
the great imitator, metaphyseal, hazy ground glass, expansile, rind sign, cafe au last
fibrous dysplasia
94
coast of Maine
fibrous dysplasia
95
coast of California
neurofibromatosis
96
fibrous dysplasia in a female
albright syndrome
97
autosomal dominant, cafe au lait, fibroma molluscum, osseous deformities, kyphoscoliosis, posterior vertebral scalloping
neurofibromatosis
98
thickened cortex, brim sign, soft phosphorous bone, older, bowing legs, big head, deafness
pagets
99
what are the stages of pagets
lytic mixed blastic malignant
100
what occurs in the blood during pagets disease
increased all phosphatase | normal calcium
101
pagets is also known as
osteitis deformans
102
purpose of X-rays
``` diagnose biomechanics anomalies screen contraindications monitor progression ```
103
what's the cervical spine xray flexion extension rule
excessive movement of 3mm = instability | don't adjust
104
functional xrays are used for what
to detect aberrant motion

Part 2 Boards (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions