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General Diagnosis Flashcards

1
Q

what’s the most accurate way to take temperature

A

anal

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2
Q

what’s the most acceptable way to take temperature

A

otic

oral

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3
Q

what temperature changes occur with bacterial and viral conditions

A

bacterial - sustained high

viral - spikes, fevers, chills

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4
Q

what causes absent red light reflex

A

cataracts

retinal detachment

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5
Q

what will increased intracranial pressure cause to the eye

A

papilledema

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6
Q

what condition will caused blurred vision and halos

A

glaucoma

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7
Q

what causes waxy exudates and micro aneurysms in the eye

A

diabetic retinopathy

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8
Q

what causes flame hemorrhages and cotton wool spots in the eye

A

hypertension

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9
Q

what condition causes scintillating scotomas

A

MS

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10
Q

what ear conditions causes a crusty discharge

A

otitis externa

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11
Q

what ear condition causes a bulging tympanum

A

otitis media

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12
Q

what ear condition causes a retracted tympanum

A

serous otitis media

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13
Q

what is a common complication of ear infections

A

meningitis

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14
Q

what if the tympanum appears black? or pearly gray?

A

black - perforation

pearly gray - normal

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15
Q

what causes the eardrum to turn chalky and white

A

otosclerosis

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16
Q

what are sensorineural losses of hearing

A

presbycusis
neuroma
menieres

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17
Q

what are conduction losses of hearing

A

infection
cerumen
otosclerosis

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18
Q

what if the nose appears red

what if the nose appears pale, gray, or blue

A

acute rhinitis

chronic rhinitis

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19
Q

what would cause a clear discharge running from the nose? may contain blood

A

CSF

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20
Q

what would cause a unilateral watery discharge from the nose

A

cribriform plate fracture

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21
Q

how do you compare malignant from benign lymph node

A

malignant - non mobile and non tender

benign - mobile and tender

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22
Q

where does lymph drain

A

right 1/4 of body - right upper

left 3/4 of body - entire lower and left upper

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23
Q

what is epistaxis

A

nose bleed

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24
Q

where does the pancreas live

A

retroperitoneal

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25
what occurs in the head of the pancreas what occurs in the tail of the pancreas
head - pancreatitis and cancer body - diabetes
26
what vertebral level is pancreas located
T10
27
what causes ecchymosis on the flanks which leaves the patient in the fetal position what is this MC caused by
pancreatitis alcoholism
28
what causes polydipsia, pyuria, polyphasic
diabetes
29
what are the differences between the two types of diabetes
type 1 - juvenile, insulin dependent type 2 - late onset, obese, receptor site dysfunction
30
what is the most dangerous and life threatening form of diabetes
gestational
31
what are tests for diabetes
FBS, GGT, A1C
32
what is the process of glycation
when sugar combines with protein causing inflammation
33
what is the mnemonic for gallbladder conditions
``` fair female fat forty fertile ```
34
what do you need to diagnose a peptic or duodenal ulcer
barium study
35
virchows node on the left
stomach cancer
36
what is mcburneys sign indicative of
appendicitis
37
what tests are used to check for appendicitis
psoas test blumbergs - RLQ rebound tenderness rovings - LLQ rebound tenderness Markle - heel jar
38
what is the test used to check b12
schillings test
39
what is out pouching the colon what do these people need
diverticulosis fiber
40
what condition involves skip lesions, string sign, and rectal bleeding
crohns
41
what condition involves stress, bloody diarrhea, megacolon, and stool transplants
ulcerative colitis
42
how does b12 pathology occur
gastritis --> pernicious anemia --> posterolateral sclerosis
43
what is posterolateral sclerosis symptoms
combined systems disease stocking and glove paresthesia
44
bowel sounds are increased when? and decreased when?
increased due to early obstruction decreased due to late obstruction
45
what are fluid wave and puddle sign used to test for
ascites
46
what are signs of acute hepatitis
``` tender liver swollen boggy IgM decrease WBC ```
47
what are signs of chronic hepatitis
``` non tender liver swollen boggy IgG increase WBC ```
48
what are signs of cirrhosis
non tender liver hard smooth increase GGT
49
what are signs of liver cancer
non tender swollen hard nodular
50
what vertebral level is the kidney located
T12-L3
51
which kidney is slightly lower than the other
right is slightly lower than the left
52
what condition causes painless bleeding in the urine
kidney cancer
53
if all casts are present in the urine, what condition is presents
nephrosis
54
if red or white casts are present in the urine, what condition is presents
nephritic red - glomerulonephritis white - pyelonephritis
55
which hemorrhoids are consider painful and have bloody defecation
internal hemorrhoids (prolapsed)
56
which hemorrhoids are considered pain free unless defecating
external hemorrhoids (thrombosed)
57
what is it called when a donut shaped anus is produced on defecation
rectal prolapse
58
what is a linear tear that produces bloody defecation
rectal fissure
59
what are characteristics of viral pneumonia or pleural effusion
percussion: resonance | normal fremitus
60
what are characteristics of atelectasis or tumor in the lung
percussion: flat | decreased fremitus
61
what are the characteristics of magenblase or flatulence
percussion: tympanny | normal fremitus
62
what are the characteristics of bacterial pneumonia, CHF, and pulmonary edema
percussion: dull | increased fremitus
63
what are the characteristics of COPD, emphysema, and pneumothorax
percussion: hyper resonance | decreased fremitus
64
wheezing is usually associated with what
asthma
65
prolonged expiration is associated with what
COPD
66
respiratory lag is usually associated with what
pneumothorax
67
friction rub is associated with what
pleurisy or enlarged viscera
68
rhonchi is associated with what
bronchial or tracheal obstruction
69
adventitious sounds indicate what
fluid in the lungs
70
pink puffer indicates what
balloon lungs or emphysema
71
blue bloater indicates what
chronic bronchitis
72
what is the treatment for hyperventilation
CO2
73
yellow green sputum
bronchiectasis | chronic bronchitis
74
rusty sputum
pneumococcal
75
red currant jelly sputum
klebsiella
76
foul sputum
lung abscess
77
pink sputum
streptococcal
78
pink and frothy sputum
CHF | pulmonary edema
79
red sputum
TB infarct cancer

Part 2 Boards (34 decks)

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