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BIO108 - Gen. Physiology > General Introduction > Flashcards

General Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

IS THE STUDY OF THE BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF ORGANS AND THEIR
INTERRELATIONSHIPS

A

Physiology

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2
Q

Mostly producers

A

Plants

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3
Q

Consumers

A

Animals

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4
Q

Unlimeted scheme of growth

A

Plants

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5
Q

Limited growth

A

Animals

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6
Q

Non-motile and must rely on immediate nutrient sources

A

Plants

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7
Q

Can move around

A

Animals

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8
Q

Use large amounts of CO2

A

Plants

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9
Q

Give off CO2

A

Animals

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10
Q

Conserve nitrogen

A

Plants

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11
Q

Give off nitrogen as waste

A

Animals

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12
Q

Transport fluids/food through vascular tissues

A

Plants

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13
Q

Vascular tissues of plants

A

Xylem
Phloem

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14
Q

Bloodstream

A

Animals

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15
Q

Growth throughout their entire lifetime

A

Plants

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16
Q

Reaches a certain stage and growth more or less stops

A

Animals

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17
Q

Father of Modern Physiology

A

Claude Bernard (1813-1878)

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18
Q

What did bernard observe

A

Internal environment remains constant despite changing external environment

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19
Q

coined the term ‘Hemeostasis’

A

Walter Cannon (1871-1945)

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20
Q

Describe the stable internal environment

A

Homeostasis

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21
Q

Two themes of physiology

A

Intergation
Homeostasis

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22
Q

takes in oxygen
and removes waste gases.

A

Respiratory system

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23
Q

responsible for delivering the oxygen to all parts of our bodies.

A

Cardiovascular system

24
Q

Global umbrella organization for physiology

A

International Union of Physiological Sciences

25
Q

Each of our body systems are interconnected and dependent on each other

A

Organ systems interrelationships

26
Q

Nutrients and oxygen
are distributed ___

A

Blood

27
Q

Metabolic wastes are
eliminated by __ and ___ ___

A

Urinary and respiratory systems

28
Q

The Biological hierarchy (in order)

A

A. Molecule
B. Organelle
C. Cell and tissue
D. Organ

29
Q

Four types of Tissue

A
  • Connective
  • Muscle (contractile)
  • Nerve
  • Epithelial
30
Q

Binds together or supports cells, other tissues/organ

A

Connective tissue

31
Q
  • Contracts on stimulation
  • Movement, posture and heat production
A

Musle (contractile) tissue

32
Q

Conducts nerve tissue impulses throughout the body

A

Nerve tissue

33
Q

Covers all body sufaces

A

Epithelial tissue

34
Q

What does epithelial tissue do?

A

A protective barrier against the environment

35
Q

The major organ system

A
  • Integumentary
  • Skeletal
  • Muscular
  • Circulatory
  • Lymphatic
  • Respiratory
  • Digestive
  • Urinary
  • Reproductive
  • Nervous
  • Endocrine
36
Q

Definitions of homeostasis

A
  1. Dynamic Equilibrium
  2. Inspite multiple stimuli
  3. Maintained by negative feedback
37
Q

is the ability to maintain a relatively stable internal environment

A

Homeostasis

38
Q

Homeostatic Control Mechanisms

A
  1. Stimulus
  2. Change detected by receptor
  3. Input information
  4. Ouput information
  5. Response of effected feeds back
39
Q

Detects change

A

Receptor

40
Q

Produces change in variable

A

Stimulus

41
Q

is accomplished through the nervous and endocrine systems

A

Regulaion of homeostasis

42
Q

Basic components of homeostatic control

A
  1. Receptor
  2. Control center
  3. Effector
43
Q

DETECTS CHANGES (STIMULI) IN THE BODY

A

A receptor

44
Q

DETERMINES A SET POINT FOR A NORMAL RANGE.

A

Control Center

45
Q

CAUSES THE RESPONSE
DETERMINED BY THE CONTROL CENTER.

A

Effector

46
Q

regulatory mechanism in which a change in a controlled variable triggers a response that opposes the change.

A

Negative Feedback

47
Q

What does negative feedback mechanism do?

A

Decrease the intensity of stimulus or eliminates it

48
Q

Examples of Negative feedback

A

Regulation of blood glucose levels

49
Q

enhances or exaggerates the original stimulus so that activity is accelerated

A

Positive feedback mechanism

50
Q

Examples of positive feedback mechanisms

A
  • Infrequent events such as blood clothing or childbirth
51
Q

Does not mainted homeostasis

A

Positive feedback

52
Q

Positive feedback mechanism in blood clothing

A
  • Break or tear in blood vessel wall
  • Clotting occurs as platelets adhere to the site then release chemical
  • The chemical attracts more platelets
  • Clotting proceeds until break is sealed
53
Q

Aging reduces our ability to maintain homeostasis

A

Heat stress

54
Q

If a disturbance of homeostasis or the body’s normal equilibrium is not corrected, illness occurs

A

Homeostatic Imbalances

55
Q

Examples of homeostatic imbalances

A
  • chills
  • fevers
  • elevated white blood counts

BIO108 - Gen. Physiology (20 decks)

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