Gastric Disorders Flashcards
List CS of gastric disease
- Vomiting
- Retching
- Bloating
- Hematemesis
- Melena
- Ptyalism
What are the 3 phases of vomiting?
- Nausea
- Retching
- Expulsion
When is vomiting classified as chronic?
> 1 week
CS of acute gastritis?
- Rapid onset vomiting and rapid resolution
Tx for acute gastritis?
- PO water / rehydration solutions
- Bland, fat restricted diet
List parasitic causes of chronic gastritis
- Helicobacter
- Ollulanus Tricuspis (nematode in cats through ingestion of vomit)
- Physaloptera spp
How to diagnose parasitic causes of chronic gastritis?
- Ollulanus Tricuspis is a nematode in cats found in VOMIT (NOT feces!)
- Physaloptera found in feces or vomit
Tx protocol for Physaloptera spp causing chronic gastritis??
Fenbendazole, Pyrantel, or Ivermectin
List Extra-GI / Systemic causes of GI ulceration
- Coagulopathies
- Uremia
- Addisons
- MCT
- Hypotension (shock, sepsis)
- Stress
- Spinal surgery
What is a common cause of GI ulcers in older cats?
Primary gastric neoplasia (Lymphoma) or pancreatic neoplasia
Most common medication causing GI ulcers in dogs?
NSAIDs!
How to diagnose GI ulcers?
Endoscopy
Tx plan for GI ulcers?
- PPI like Omeprazole
- Sucralfate
- Analgesics
- IV fluids
- Nutrition
CS of bilious vomiting syndrome?
- Vomiting bile early in the morning
- Usually BAR and not nauseus after
- History of long overnight fasting
Tx for bilious vomiting syndrome?
- Frequent feedings
- Feed late at night
- Sucralfate
(long overnight fasting triggers duodenogastric reflux)
What is delayed gastric emptying?
Food in stomach > 8 hours after eating
Caused by ileus or obstruction
List causes of gastric obstruction resulting in delayed gastric emptying
- FB
- Hair balls
- Neoplasia
- Hypertrophy of pyloric mucosa
- Pythium
- Polyps
- Granulomas
CS and signalment for a cat with a hairball?
- Regurg or vomiting
- Older cats
- Long haired breeds
- Delayed gastric emptying
- Colitis
How to manage and prevent hairballs in cats?
- ID underlying cause (stress? parasites?)
- Regular grooming/ shaving
- Small frequent meals
- Hairball diet
- Gastric lubricants
CS of hypertrophy of the gastric mucosa causing pyloric stenosis?
- Brachycephalics
- usually incidental finding
- if obstructing can cause vomiting, regurg, delayed gastric emptying
what dog breed gets giant hypertrophic gastritis?
Basenjis
Tx of Pythium causing GI obstruction?
Surgical excision but guarded prognosis
List medications causing ileus
- Opioids
- Pressors
- A2 agonists
Dietary management of ileus?
Low fat, low carb diet
fats and carbs delay gastric emptying… avoid
