Autoimmune and Immune Mediated skin disease

Question 1

What drugs can cause drug-induced pemphigus foliaceus?

Answer 1

• Ampicillin
• Methimazole

Question 2

What is the most common immune mediated skin disease in dogs and cats?

Answer 2

• Pemphigus foliaceus

Question 3

List the most common locations for lesions to arise from pemphigus foliaceus

Answer 3

• Head
• Face
• Ears
• Paw pads

(toes, ears, nipples for cats)

Question 4

How can pemphigus foliaceus be diagnosed?

Answer 4

• Impression cytology showing acantholytic keratinocytes in intact pustules
• or Skin biopsy

Question 5

What primary lesions are most predominantly seen with pemphigus foliaceus?

Answer 5

• Pustules (A pustular disease)

Question 6

Which of the following treatments should not be used in cats with pemphigus foliaceus?

A. Prednisolone
B. Cyclosporine
C. Azathioprine
D. Chlorambucil

Answer 6

C. Azathioprine

only for DOGS with pemphigus

Question 7

What needs to be regularly monitored in patients receiving glucocorticoids?

Answer 7

1. CBC to monitor BM suppression
2. Chem to monitor liver and BG
3. UA for glycosuria and bacteriuria
4. body weight

Question 8

How does pemphigus erythematosus differ from pemphigus foliaceus?

Answer 8

• Pemphigus erythematosus is confined to the face and dorsal muzzle

Question 9

How does pemphigus vulgaris differ from pemphigus foliaceus?

Answer 9

• Pemphigus vulgaris lesions are found around the mucocutaneous junctions and oral cavity
• BAD prognosis unlike pemphigus foliaceus

Question 10

Which of the following causes depigmentation of the nose and loss of the normal cobblestone appearance?

A. Pemphigus foliaceus
B. Discoid lupus erythematosus
C. Pemphigus vulgaris
D. Cutaneous vasculitis

Answer 10

B. Discoid lupus erythematosus

Question 11

How do patients with Discoid lupus erythematosus typically present?

Answer 11

• Depigmentation of the nose with loss of cobblestone appearance
• Starts at junction between haired skin and nasal planum
• Damage to dermo-epidermal junction

Question 12

What is the treatment plan for a patient presenting with Discoid lupus erythematosus?

Answer 12

• Glucocorticoids
• Tacrolimus topically applied to nose
• Cylosporine
• Nose protection from UV light

Question 13

What dog breeds are predisposed to vesicular lupus erythematosus?

Answer 13

• Shetland sheepdogs
• Collie breeds and their crosses

Question 14

What dog breeds are predisposed to exfoliative cutaneous lupus erythematosus?

Answer 14

• German short hair pointers
• Vizslas

Question 15

What dog breeds are predisposed to mucocutaneous lupus erythematosus?

Answer 15

• German shepherds

Question 16

Immune mediated cutaneous vasculitis is a Type ______ hypersensitivity reaction

Answer 16

3

Question 17

What presenting clinical signs can be seen in patients with erythema multiforme?

Answer 17

• Erythematous macules
• Target lesions
• Symmetrical distribution
• Associated with herpes virus in cats, can have a history of URI

Question 18

What is the treatment plan for a patient presenting with Erythema multiforme?

Answer 18

• Glucocorticoids
• Mycophenolate

Question 19

What are causes of non-immune mediated cutaneous vasculitis?

Answer 19

• Trauma
• Burns

Question 20

How can you diagnose discoid lupus erythematous aside from clinical signs and history?

Answer 20

Biopsy and histopath showing lichenoid and hydropic interface dermatitis

Question 21

What can be seen on impression cytology from pemphigus foliaceus?

Answer 21

• acantholytic keratinocytes