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Sem 6: SAM 2 > Alopecia associated hormonal diseases > Flashcards

Alopecia associated hormonal diseases Flashcards

1
Q

List the 4 types of hormonal alopecia

A
  1. Hypothyroidism
  2. Hyperadrenocorticism
  3. Sex hormone imbalance (estrogen)
  4. Alopecia X
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2
Q

What is the pathophys behind why hypothyroidism can cause alopecia?

A
  • Thyroid hormones promote anagen
  • Lack of thyroid hormone delays anagen (delays hair growth)
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3
Q

List hormones that promote the anagen phase of the hair growth cycle

A

- Thyroid hormones
- Melatonin
- Prolactin

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4
Q

What is the pathophys behind why HAC/Cushings can cause alopecia?

A
  • High cortisol levels DELAY Anagen phase (delays hair growth)
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5
Q

What cutaneous signs can be seen in patients with HypoT?

A
  • Symmetric non-pruritic alopecia
  • THIN hair coat
  • Easily epilated
  • Rat tail
  • Failure to grow post clipping
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6
Q

What is the treatment protocol for patients with symmetric alopecia consistent with HypoT?

A
  • Life long Levothyroxine
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7
Q

Which dog breeds have normally lower T4 values?

A

Greyhounds and sighthounds

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8
Q

What cutaneous signs can be seen in patients with HAC/Cushings?

A
  • THIN hair coat
  • Calcinosis cutis
  • Symmetric non-pruritic alopecia
  • Comedones
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9
Q

What diagnostic test would you perform to confirm HAC/Cushings?

A

LDDST test

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10
Q

What is the treatment protocol for patients with symmetric alopecia consistent with HAC/Cushings?

A
  • Trilostane
  • Adrenalectomy
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11
Q

What cutaneous signs can be seen in patients with Hyperestrogenism?

A
  • Linear preputial dermatosis in intact male dogs!! Pathognomonic!!
  • Symmetric non-pruritic alopecia
  • Nipple and vulva enlargement
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12
Q

What diagnostics should you run in an intact patient presenting with non pruritic bilateral alopecia and evidence of linear preputial dermatosis?

A

Ultrasound!!! of the abdomen and testicles

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13
Q

What is the treatment of choice for a patient presenting with cutaneous signs of hyperestrogenism?

A

CASTRATE/OVH of intact patients

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14
Q

What is a pathognomonic finding in intact male dogs with hyperestrogenism?

A

Linear preputial dermatosis!!

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15
Q

What breed is Alopecia X most commonly seen in?

A
  • Pomeranians
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16
Q

What is the distribution pattern seen with Alopecia X?

A
  • Patchy, symmetric, non pruritic alopecia everywhere EXCEPT the head and distal limbs are spared
17
Q

What is the treatment protocol for Alopecia X?

A
  • Benign neglect
  • Or melatonin (stimulates anagen phase)
18
Q

At what age does pattern alopecia typically present in dogs?

A

Gradual onset < 1 yr of age

19
Q

What dog breeds are more represented for pattern alopecia?

A
  • Boston terrier
  • Chichi
  • Dachshund
  • Bull terrier
  • Whippet
  • Greyhound
20
Q

What dog breeds are more represented for color dilution alopecia?

A
  • Blue colored dogs
  • Doberman
  • Chichi
  • Italian greyhounds
  • Bull terrier
  • Any blue colored breed (Frenchies)
21
Q

What is the pathophys behind color dilution alopecia in blue coated dogs?

A
  • Defective transport of melanosomes leading to melanosome clumping
22
Q

How can you diagnose color dilution alopecia in a dog?

A

Trichography to look for melanosome clumping

23
Q

What clinical signs to dogs with color dilution alopecia typically present with?

A
  • Non pruritic alopecia
  • Broken hairs
  • History of a blue colored dog
24
Q

At what age does color dilution alopecia typically present with cutaneous signs?

A

Progressive from 3 months to 3 years

25
Q

At what age does cyclic flank alopecia typically present with cutaneous signs?

A
  • any age after 8 months
  • Occurs seasonally between November and March
  • Can recur each year
26
Q

What is the treatment protocol for a patient presenting with yearly recurrance of cyclic flank alopecia?

A
  • Benign neglect
  • or Melatonin (stimulates anagen/hair growth)

Sem 6: SAM 2 (26 decks)

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