Fundamentals: Chapter 7 Flashcards
What is Caring?
The universal phenomenon influencing the ways in which people think, feel, and behave in relation to one another
What does an act of caring depend on?
the needs, problems, and values of the patient
Why is caring important for patient care?
helps protect, develop, nurture, and provide survival to people
How can a nurse make caring more effective with a diverse population?
nurses need to learn culturally specific behaviors and words that reflect human caring in different cultures to identify and meet the needs of all patients
What is the goal of transpersonal caring?
looks for deeper sources of inner healing to protect, enhance, and preserve a person’s dignity, humanity, wholeness, and inner harmony
puts care before cure
Why is the Watson’s care model of caring transformative?
the relationship influences both the nurse and the patient for better or for worse
Describe the Swanson theory of caring
Caring is a nurturing way of relating to a valued other toward whom one feels a personal sense of commitment and responsibility
List Watson’s 10 carative factors
Forming a human-altruistic value system
Instilling faith-hope
Cultivating a sensitivity to one’s self and to others
Developing a helping, trusting, human caring relationship
Promoting and expressing positive and negative feelings
Using creative problem-solving, caring processes
Promoting transpersonal teaching-learning
Providing for a supportive, protective, and/or corrective mental, physical, societal, and spiritual environment
Meeting human needs
Allowing for existential-phenomenological-spiritual forces
List the 5 processes of Swanson’s theory of caring
1) Knowing
2) Being with
3) Doing for
4) Enabling
5) Maintaining belief
Describe the “knowing” process of Swanson’s theory of caring
Striving to understand an event as it has meaning in the life of the other
Describe the “being with” process of Swanson’s theory of caring
Being emotionally present to the other
Describe the “doing for” process of Swanson’s theory of caring
Doing for the other as he or she would do for self if it were at all possible
Describe the “enabling” process of Swanson’s theory of caring
Facilitating the other’s passage through life transitions (e.g., birth, death) and unfamiliar events
Describe the “maintaining belief” process of Swanson’s theory of caring
Sustaining faith in the other’s capacity to get through an event or transition and face a future with meaning
What do patients expect from their caregivers?
Patients continue to value nurses’ effectiveness in performing tasks; but clearly patients value the affective dimension of nursing care
How is a patient’s dignity affected by caring?
Caring for other human beings protects, enhances, and preserves human dignity
Define Ethics
The ideals of right and wrong behavior
Describe an Ethic of Care
The relationships between people and with a nurse’s character and attitude toward others
What are nurses who function from ethic of care are sensitive to?
Unequal relationships that lead to an abuse of one person’s power over another—intentional or otherwise
What behaviors are included in caring?
providing presence, offering a caring touch, and listening
What does providing presence mean?
a person-to-person encounter conveying a closeness and sense of caring
What does it mean to offer a caring touch?
The use of touch is one comforting approach that reaches out to patients to communicate concern and support. Touch is relational and leads to a connection between nurse and patient
Explain the difference between contact touch and noncontact touch
Contact touch involves obvious skin-to-skin contact, whereas noncontact touch refers to eye contact
What are the 3 catagories of touch?
task-oriented touch, caring touch, and protective touch
Describe Task-oriented touch
Nurses use task-oriented touch when performing a task or procedure. The skillful and gentle performance of a nursing procedure conveys security and a sense of competence
Describe Caring touch
a form of nonverbal communication, which successfully influences a patient’s comfort and security, enhances self-esteem, increases confidence of the caregivers, and improves mental well-being
Describe Protective touch
a form of touch that protects the nurse and/or patient.
can be positive or negative
Why is it important for a patient to be able to tell their story?
helps the patient break the distress of illness
What is the key to listening effectively?
you need to silence yourself and listen with openness
What does it mean for a nurse to know a patient
The nurse avoids assumptions, focuses on the patient, and engages in a caring relationship with the patient that reveals information and cues that facilitate critical thinking and clinical judgments
List 5 factors that contribute to knowing a patient
time, continuity of care, team work of the nursing staff, trust, and experience
What is spiritual health?
a person finding a balance between his or her own life values, goals, and belief systems and those of others
What are the three ways that spirituality offers a sense of connectedness?
Intrapersonal
Interpersonal
Transpersonal
In what ways does human suffering affect a patient?
physically, emotionally, socially, and spiritually
Why is family care important?
Each person experiences life through relationships with others. Thus caring for an individual cannot occur in isolation from that person’s family.
What are important nursing behaviors that help with a family’s perception of quality care?
- Being honest
- Advocating for patient’s care preferences
- Giving clear explanations
- Keeping family members informed
- Asking permission before doing something to a patient
- Providing comfort (e.g., offering warm blanket, rubbing a patient’s back)
- Reading patient passages from religious texts, favorite book, cards, or mail
- Providing for and maintaining patient privacy
- Assuring the patient that nursing services will be available
- Helping patients do as much for themselves as possible
- Teaching the family how to keep the relative physically comfortable
What is listening?
“taking in” what a patient says and interpreting and understanding what the patient is saying and giving back that understanding
