Fundamentals: Chapter 15

Question 1

What factors does a professional nurse rely on when deciding if a patient is having complications that call for notification of a health care provider?

Answer 1

knowledge and experience

Question 2

What is clinical decision making?

Answer 2

judgment that includes critical and reflective thinking and action and application of scientific and practical logic

Question 3

What is the continuous process characterized by open-mindedness, continual inquiry, and perserverence, combined with a willingness to look at each unique patient situation and determine which identified assumptions are true and relevant?

Answer 3

critical thinking

Question 4

What are the 4 basic parts of critical thinking?

Answer 4

Recognizing an issue

Analyzing relevant information

Evaluating the information

Making conclusions

Question 5

What kind of questions do critical thinkers ask themselves?

Answer 5

Why?

What am I missing?

What do I really know about this patient’s situation?

What are my options?

Question 6

What are the 6 important critical thinking skills?

Answer 6

Interpretation

Analysis

Inference

Evaluation

Explanation

Self-regulation

Question 7

What are the 7 important behavioral concepts that a critical thinker must exhibit?

Answer 7

Truth seeking

Open Mindedness

Analyticity

Systematicity

Self-confidence

Inquisitiveness

Maturity

Question 8

What are the levels of critical thinking?

Answer 8

Basic (lvl 1)

Complex (lvl 2)

Commitment (lv 3)

Question 9

What is the thinking process for a basic critical thinker?

Answer 9

Thinking is concrete and based on a set of rules and principles. Also trusts that experts have the right answer to every problem.

Question 10

What is the thinking process for a complex critical thinker?

Answer 10

They analyze and examine choices more independently. Their thinking abilities and initiative to look beyond expert opinion begin to change and they learn that alternative and perhaps conflicting solutions exists.

Question 11

What is the thinking process for a commitment level critical thinker?

Answer 11

Anticipates when to make choices and accepts accountability. Choose an action or belief based on available alternatives and support it.

Question 12

What are the general critical thinking process?

Answer 12

Scientific Method

Problem Solving

Decision Making

Question 13

What is the purpose of the scientific method in nursing?

Answer 13

Scientific approach using reasoning.

Question 14

What are the five steps of the scientific method?

Answer 14

Identify 
Data
Hypothesis
Testing
Evaluating

Question 15

Why does effective problem solving involve evaluating the solution over time?

Answer 15

To make sure that the solution was effective.

Question 16

What should be done if a problem recurs despite intervention?

Answer 16

Try different options to address the problems.

Question 17

What is a product of critical thinking that focuses on problem resolution?

Answer 17

Decision Making

Question 18

What can the decision making criteria be based upon?

Answer 18

Personal criteria

Organizational policy

Professional standard

Question 19

What is the analytical process for determining a patient’s health problem?

Answer 19

diagnostic reasoning

Question 20

When does diagnostic reasoning begin?

Answer 20

When you interact with a patient or make physical or behavioral observations.

Question 21

What is the process of drawing conclusions from related pieces of evidence and previous experience with the evidence?

Answer 21

inference (part of diagnostic reasoning)

Question 22

What does inference in diagnostic reasoning involve?

Answer 22

forming patterns of information from data before making a diagnosis

Question 23

What are the five steps for the nursing process?

Answer 23

Assessment

Diagnosis

Planning

Implementation

Evaluation

Question 24

What are the five components of the critical thinking model?

Answer 24

Knowledge base

Experience

Critical thinking competencies

Attitudes

Standards

Question 25

What does a nurse’s knowledge include?

Answer 25

basic nursing education

continuing education courses

additional college degrees

additional nursing literature

Question 26

What does a new nurse need in order to acquire clinical decision-making skills?

Answer 26

clinical learning experiences

Question 27

What does an independently thinking nurse do?

Answer 27

Ask questions, look for evidence behind clinical problems, challenge the way others think and look for rational and logical answers to problems

Question 28

How does a nurse show fairness when thinking critcally?

Answer 28

Does not allow bias or prejudice to enter into a decision

Question 29

What do professional standards for critical thinking refer to?

Answer 29

ethical criteria for nursing judgments

evidence-based criteria used for evaluation

criteria for professional responsibility

Question 30

Why is it necessary to set the minimum requirements for evidence-based evaluation criteria?

Answer 30

to ensure appropriate and high-quality care

Question 31

What is the process of purposefully thinking back or recalling a situation to discover its purpose or meaning?

Answer 31

reflection

Question 32

What is a visual representation of patient problems and interventions that shows their relationships to one another?

Answer 32

concept map

Question 33

What is the primary purpose of concept mapping?

Answer 33

to better synthesize relevant data about a patient, including assessment data, nursing diagnoses, health needs, nursing interventions, and evaluation measures

Question 34

What makes a new nurse a good critical thinker?

Answer 34

dedication and a desire to grow intellectually.

Question 35

What do nurses who apply critical thinking in their work focus on?

Answer 35

options for solving problems and making decisions rather than rapidly and carelessly forming quick, single solutions