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LPN Level 1 > Fund 53 54 58 59 77 86 87 > Flashcards

Fund 53 54 58 59 77 86 87 Flashcards

0
Q

Name the things you check for during PNA

A 
Skin color
Finger or toe motion sensation
Distal pulses
Cap refill under 3 secs
Edema
Pain
Skin temp
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1
Q

The term for evaluating the status of an extremity encased in a bandage and is done by RN

A

PNA

Peripheral Neurovascular assessment

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2
Q

Overlapping application, alternating with ascending and descending wrapping with each pass of the bandage crossing over previous wrapping as in a figure eight

A

Figure eight

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3
Q

Type of wrap that stabilizes joints such as wrist or ankle and helps maintain immobilization

A

Figure eight

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4
Q

Wrapping a limb in ascending path partially covering previous wrapping while moving up the limb

A

Spiral

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5
Q

Type of wrap that promotes venous return. Effective when a bandage needs to be applied around an arm leg or wrist. May be used to hold dressings in place

A

Spiral wrap

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6
Q

Similar to spiral wrap except the bandage is folded back halfway through each process. The appearance of basket weave

A

Spiral reverse wrap

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7
Q

Arms, legs, thighs
Used for extremities that are wider at one end than the other, cone shaped. Promotes venous return. Holds dressings in place.

A

Spiral reverse

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8
Q

Wrapping with continuous application in same place such as a wrist. Stabilizes ankle wrist fingers and toes

A

Circular wrap

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9
Q

Anchored at the top with several spiral wraps, then back and forth across the end of the extremity or head. Finish with spiral reverse or figure right

A

Recurrent wrap

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10
Q

Binds amputation stumps in preparation for prosthesis fitting an also holds dressing on heads

A

Recurrent wrap

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11
Q

basic bandage
Wrapped around limb to give support used to exert pressure over a bleeding point
All cotton elastic

A

ACE bandage

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12
Q

Type of gauze used to hold dressing in place or to apply pressure

A

Kerlix

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13
Q

Net or mesh type material
Finger sized to large body sized bandages.
Also called TUBE GAUZE

A

Stretch net bandages

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14
Q

Bandages used in practitioners office or school offices

A

Stretch net bandages

Tube gauze

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15
Q

anti embolism stockings are also known as

A

TEDS

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16
Q

TEDS
Anti embolism stockings
are used for people with what disease

A

Thromboembolic disease

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17
Q

The point of TEDs anti embolism stockings are to

A

Return venous circulation to the heart to prevent clotting

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18
Q

Before nurse can apply TEDS anti embolism socks the nurse first must receive

A

A doctors order

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19
Q

Before applying anti embolism socks on a pt the nurse must have pt____

A

Lay down for 15 minutes to prevent pooling of fluids in legs

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20
Q

Perform PNA on a pt with TEDS every

A

2 hours

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21
Q

Remove TEDs on a pt every

A

4-8 hours

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22
Q

another device that promotes venous return is

A

PCD machine

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23
Q

PCD names 3 types

A

PCD pneumatic compression device
SCD sequential compression device
ISCD intermittent sequential compression device

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24
Q

Clients immediately after surgery with circulatory disorders need application of

A

PCD machine

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25
Q

Wide flat fabric piece applied to support specific body part or hold a dressing in place usually ordered for women after child birth

A

Binders

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26
Q

Binder that holds perineal pads or bandages in place for incontinent or menstruating female
Fastened with Velcro or pinned

A

T binder

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27
Q

Wide flat piece of fabric that is secured around the trunk of clients body to support the abdomen or dressings on abdomen. Rarely used after child birth mostly after abdominal surgery

A

Abdominal binder

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28
Q

Skin softening and breakdown due to moisture accumulation and lack of circulation

A

Maceration

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29
Q

These straps allow dressings to be changed without having to remove tape with each change. Tie straps

A

Montgomery bandages

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30
Q

Anti embolism stockings should never be allowed to bunch or roll up bc

A

This could lead to constricting circulation

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31
Q

Anti embolism stocking are applied from toes or finger

A

Upward

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32
Q

Anti embolism stocking should be removed every 4-8 hours to check for

A

Redness, edema, skin discoloration

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33
Q

Enlargement of blood vessels is called

A

Vasodilation

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34
Q

Normothermia

A

Normal body temperature

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35
Q

SSI

A

Surgical site infections

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36
Q

WA

A

While awake

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37
Q

heat application causes

A

Vasodilation

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38
Q

Name a few things heat helps with

A 
Vasodilation
Increasing O2
Aids in removal of wastes from tissues
Wound healing
Reduce inflammation
Promotes drainage
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39
Q

Types of dry heat

A

Heating blanket
Water filled heating pad
Aquathermia pad
Heat lamps and tx

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40
Q

Types of moist heat

A

Compresses
Paks
Soaks
Sits bath

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41
Q

Do not apply heat to abscess or infected appendix as this may cause

A

Rupture

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42
Q

Type of dry heating pad where distilled water flows through and used for muscle sprains and inflammation
Dry heat

A

Aqua K pad

Aquathermia pad

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43
Q

Can any nurse use lamp tx on PTs?

A

No only specially trained personnel with specific education can

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44
Q

IR infrared does what for a pt

A

Relaxes muscles
Stimulate circulation
Relieves pain

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45
Q

UV ultraviolet does what for a pt

A

Mild UV radiation

Not much affective as IR

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46
Q

US does what for pt

A

Deep penetrating heat to muscles and other tissues

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47
Q

To apply heat or cold first you must receive

A

Doctors order

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48
Q

steps in disassembling Aquathermia pad

A

1) clamp tubing until over sink
2) unplug unit
3) empty water and everything over sink
4) discard pad
5) return only heater pump to dept

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49
Q

Areas on the body too sensitive to heat

A

Eyelids
Neck
Inside arms

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50
Q

Less heat resistance PTs

A

Infants
Old
Fair thin skin
Pt with illnesses

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51
Q

Do not use heat application to PTs who are at risk for injury such as

A

Unresponsive
Anesthetized
Have dimentia or neurological issues or psychological disorders

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52
Q

PTs who are susceptible to burns

A 
Impaired circulation
Metabolic diseases
Diabetic
Chemo pt 
Paralysis
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53
Q

Temperature

C 26.6-35 F 80-95 is considered

A

Tepid

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54
Q

Lamp or special heater that is mounted inside bed candle to provide dry heat

A

The heat cradle

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55
Q

Covered network of wires that emits heat

Never use pins to clamp down

A

Electric heating pad

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56
Q

Type of moist heat
Used basin
Bath with tap water for only 15-20 minutes

A

Warm soaks

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57
Q

Prevents escape of heat from body by slowing circulation

A

Cold application

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58
Q 
Slows or stops bleeding
Slows bacterial activity
Reduces swelling 
Controls fluid loss and edema
Finishes muscle contractions and spasms
A

Cold applications

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59
Q

What type of application is used for pain in engorged breasts

A

Cold

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60
Q

What type of application is used in abdominal inflammation to prevent peristalsis

A

Cold

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61
Q

If client complains of numbness or if skin looks white or spotty during cold application

A

Stop

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62
Q

Reduces swelling and inflammation in soft tissues or after tooth extraction

A

Cold moist compresses

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63
Q

Dry cold application used for head

A

Ice cap

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64
Q

Dry cold application used for neck

A

Ice collar

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65
Q

Types of cold applications used by athletes

A

Single freeze

Refer exabyte ice packs

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66
Q

Cold moist bath includes a

A

Tepid sponge bath

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67
Q

athroom not use alcohol during sponge baths as it

A

drys and cools quickly

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68
Q

Tepid baths are not used for these type of PTs

A

I elastic arteries
Arthritis
Children

69
Q

Blanket that slows body processes

And lowers temperature

A

Hypothermia blanket

70
Q

cold moist treatment that is used for PTs with respiratory disorders

A

Cold humidity

Humidifier

71
Q

PTs with tracheostomy use

A

Teach mask

Face tent

72
Q

An abnormal opening or break in the skin

A

Wound

73
Q

Stab wound is called

A

Puncture wound

74
Q

Wound with turned edges

A

Laceration

75
Q

Rubbing off skins surface

A

Abrasion

76
Q

Sterile intentional and non self inflicted wound

A

Surgical incision

77
Q

Do not massage any reddened or dis colored pressure points as this can add to

A

Skin breakdown

78
Q

Type of wounds are DX by

A

MD

79
Q

Avoid inspecting wounds under fluorescent lights as this can lead to incorrect wound

A

Diagnosis

80
Q

Drainage loss of protein and cellular debris

A

Exudate

81
Q

clear thin watery drainage

A

Serous

82
Q

Composed of serous and blood type drainage

A

Serosanguineous

83
Q

Bloody containing a lot of blood and serous

A

Sanguineous

84
Q

DrainGe containing pus

A

Purulant

85
Q

Presence of one or more channels within or underlying an open wound
Usually measured with sterile applicator

A

Tunneling

86
Q

If tissue recedes beneath skin creating a shelf or free edge with a space underneath also measured with sterile applicator

A

Undermining

87
Q

Type of wound edge

softened by moisture

A

Macerated

88
Q

Type of wound edge

Very hard yellow or white

A

Calloused

89
Q

Type of wound edge

Healthy with tissue growth

A

Open

90
Q

Erythema

A

Redness

91
Q

Excoriated peri wound area means

A

Scratched or abrasion

92
Q

Measurements

Linear measurement uses

A

Ruler

93
Q

Measurement

Planimetry uses

A

Graph paper for flat wounds

94
Q

Measurement

Stereo photogrammetry uses

A

Non invasive video camera

95
Q

Measurement

Wound photography uses

A

Photo camera

96
Q

Wound tracing used for what type of wounds

A

Flat

Irregular wounds

97
Q

Types of skin breakdown

Limited to damage of dermis and epidermis

A

IAD

Incontinence associated dermatitis

98
Q

Type of skin breakdown
Cause by sheer friction
Bony prominences
Leads necrosis

A

Pressure ulcer decubitus

99
Q

Type of skin breakdown
Developed in lower extremities
Hypoxia
Large WBC and no growth factors

A

Venous stasis ulcer

Venous insufficiency ulcer

100
Q

Type of skin breakdown
Diabetes mellitus
Impaired circulation
Difficult to treat

A

Diabetic ulcer

Diabetic neuropathic ulcer

101
Q

Types of scale used to predict pressure ulcer risk

A

Norton scale

Braden scale

102
Q

What can you use for easy removal of regular tape

A

Saline solution

103
Q

Deep wounds must heal from the inside out or else an abcess will occur this is called

A

Granulation

104
Q

Ways to prevent pressure ulcers

A

Turning schedule
Pillows
Padding

105
Q

Ways to prevent shear friction normally seen on coccyx

A

Logroll turns
Foot board
Head 30 degrees or less

106
Q

Prevention of perspiration wounds

A

Keep areas dry anti fungal powder

107
Q

Prevention of arterial insufficiency

A

Elevate Edema legs

108
Q

Sage of pressure ulcer
Redness
Blue purple coloring

A

Stage 1

109
Q

Stage 1 is reversible by

A

Turning schedule

Pressure relieving devices

110
Q

Stage of pressure ulcer
Loss of epidermis and dermis
Blister no sloughing

A

Stage 2

111
Q

This pressure ulcer is relieved in several weeks using special moisture saline dressings or occlusive dressings

A

Stage 2

112
Q

Stage of pressure ulcer
Fat may be visible
Undermining or tunneling

A

Stage 3

113
Q

Pressure ulcer healing in months with wet to dry dressings

A

Stage 3

114
Q

Stage of pressure ulcers
Full thickness tissue loss
Exposed bones tendons or muscles
Slough or eschar

A

Stage 4

115
Q

pressure ulcer taking years to heal and may require skin grafting

A

Stage 4

116
Q

The base of a full thickness pressure ulcer covered by slough and eschar

A

Nonstageable ulcer

117
Q

Deep tissue injury is called

A

Bruises

118
Q

Healing
Occurs in tissues with minimal tissue loss
Seals rapidly minimal scarring

A

First intention healing

119
Q

Types of first intention healing

A

Surgical incisions

Sutured wounds

120
Q

healing
Tissue loss
Granulate inside out

A

2nd intension healing

121
Q

Healing
Delay in timing between opening and closing of wound
Infected
Granulate inward causing heavy scarring

A

Third intension healing

122
Q

Antibiotic and antiseptics are applied to wound

A

Center not edges

123
Q

Who does the first dressing change

A

Surgeon or MD

124
Q

Basic dressing
Gauze
Telfa pads
Abdominal pads surgical pads

A

Dry to dry dressing

125
Q

Type of dressing technique for debridement and cleansing

Uses asking or sterile solution packing for infected wounds

A

Wet to dry dressing

126
Q

Do not use saline to remove what type of dressing

A

Wet to dry

127
Q

Type of dressing technique used on clean open wounds granulating in. Vaseline

A

Wet to wet dressing

128
Q

Wound care product
Promotes debridement
Not used on heavy or infected wounds. Ex: tegasorb, duoderm,

A

Hydrocalloid

129
Q

Wound care product
Exudate absorption
Does not stick
Helps keep shallow wound moist

A

Foam

130
Q

Wound care product
Minimal to heavy absorption
Gels as it absorbs
Must be irrigated out of wound

A

Alginate or hydrofiber

131
Q

Wound care product
Causes Maceration
Adds moisture to wounds
For necrotic or infected wounds

A

Hydrogel

132
Q

Open drainage system

A

Penrose drain

133
Q

Type of closed drainage system that allows to collect in a bulb

A

Jackson Pratt

134
Q

Press on device drainage system

A

Hemovac

135
Q

Drainage bottle with rubber bulb

Balloon creates suction as it deflates

A

Pavol

136
Q

Applies localized negative pressure to wound site
Used for stage 3&4 ulcers
Removes fluids and reduces swelling

A

VAC vacuum assisted closure

137
Q

Manual irrigation are done by

A

Hand held syringe

138
Q

Name the 6 stages of dying

A 
Denial and isolation
Anger and rage
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
Detachment
139
Q

This type of breathing is a result of acidosis

A

Kiss mauls breathing

140
Q

Over 20 RPM

Labored and deep breathing

A

Kussmauls breathing

141
Q

Alternating periods of apnea and hyper apnea

A

Cheyne stokes Respirations

142
Q

Irreversible cessation of heart and lung function

A

Biological death

143
Q

Irreversible cessation of brain function

A

Brain death

Cerebral death

144
Q

When both Respirations and heart beat stops

A

Clinical death

145
Q

For Clients on DNR and DNI you must document

A

Time of when heart stops and time when Respirations stop

146
Q

Biological death have two exceptions

A

Drowning victims

Overdoes victims

147
Q

Continuous force on broken bones to keep them in natural position for fusion

A

Traction

148
Q

Type of cast remains wet for 24-48 hours
Do not use intense heat to dry
Less expensive

A

Plaster cast

149
Q 
Type of cast 
Drys I'm 15 minutes
Light
Able to wet a little
X-ray can see through material
A

Synthetic cast

150
Q

If a client has to per while in cast use

A

Fracture bed pan

151
Q

Types of skin traction
Only left on for 3 weeks or less
8-10lbs of pull

A

Bryant’s or bucks

152
Q

You of traction where physician inserts metal pins or wires into clients bones an traction is applied directly

A

Skeletal traction

153
Q

Type of traction that is used to stabilize fractures in femur

A

Balanced suspension traction

154
Q

Type of respiratory tx where the person is placed in a head downward position

A

Postural drainage

155
Q

During auctioning through nasal passageway this entire procedure should not take more than

A

20 seconds

156
Q

Oxygen simulating deep sea diving by increasing pressure

A

Hyperbaric

157
Q

Transparent mask with simple nipple adapter that fits over Clients nose mouth and chin
Low flow delivery system

A

Simple mask

158
Q

Low flow delivery system that uses a bag

A

Partial re breathing mask

PRM

159
Q

A nonrebreathing mask with valves on the outside

A

NRM

160
Q

Type of mask with consistent flow of specific oxygen used for clients with COPD

A

Venturi mask

161
Q

Type of breathing tx used for children or adults with chronic lung conditions

A

IPPB

Intermittent positive pressure breathing

162
Q

Aerosol mist tx is used to deliver

A

Anti inflammatory or anti asthma medications to lungs

163
Q

Type of aerosol devices

A

Mini nebulizar

164
Q

A more sanitary an more effective resuscitation than mouth to mouth

A

Ampu bag

Manual resuscitation bag

165
Q

A flexible plastic tube used as a temporary device to maintain a patent airway during intubation

A

Endotracheal ET tube

166
Q

When a client cannot maintain breathing this device can be used

A

Mechanical ventilator

167
Q

Mechanical ventilator can also be a called a

A

Respirator

168
Q

Assist a client on a ventilator to turn every

A

2 hours

169
Q

Strategy of weaning off ventilator where mechanical breathing gradually lessens

A

SIMV

Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation

170
Q

Type of weaning off ventilator where constant pressure is applied as person inspires

A

PSV

Pressure support ventilation

171
Q

Allows inspiration and expiration pressure to stay above atmospheric pressure

A

CPAP

Continuous positive airway pressure

LPN Level 1 (19 decks)

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