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LPN Level 1 > Fund 48, 49, 50 > Flashcards

Fund 48, 49, 50 Flashcards

0
Q

Applying the mechanical principles of movement to the human body to promote the safest method of moving and lifting

A

Body mechanics

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1
Q

Three principles of body mechanics

A

Center of gravity
Line of gravity
Base of support

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2
Q

Center of gravity is located

A

Pelvic area

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3
Q

When half of body weight is distributed below the pelvic area and the other above

A

Center of gravity

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4
Q

The wider the base the more

A

Stable the support

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5
Q

Where is the base of support located

A

In your feet

Feet apart

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6
Q

Imaginary vertical line through the top of the head down to the feet, this is the direction of gravitational pull from head to feet

A

Line of gravity

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7
Q

Instead of lifting heavy objects

A

Push pull or roll

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8
Q

Avoid reaching or over extending

A

.

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9
Q

Blood clots , pressure ulcers, constipation , muscle breaking and atrophy , pneumonia, joint deformities, mental disorders , anxiety, confusion, isolation, depression can all happen if a person has no

A

Mobility

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10
Q

Back lying legs extended or slightly bent. Arms up or down. Maybe uncomfortable for client with back problem

A

Supine

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11
Q 
Laying on abdomen straight
Examination of spine back
Not good for pregnant women
Abnormal Breathing clients
Or obese client
A

Prone position

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12
Q

Side lying
Client positioned for extended lying periods
More comfortable than prone

A

Lateral position

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13
Q

Side/stomach lying, upper knee flexed ,

Difficulty for clients with arthritis or leg injuries

A

Sims position

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14
Q

Supine with head raised

Promotes drainage, assists with breathing, prep for dangling or walking. Watch for dizziness or fainting

A

Fowlers

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15
Q

Sitting at a 30-45 degree angle

A

Semi Fowlers

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16
Q

Sitting at a 90 degree angle

A

High Fowlers

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17
Q

High Fowlers but leaning on overbed table ,facilitates breathing with patients with severe cardiac or respiratory disorders

A

Orthopneic

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18
Q

Client on knees with chest raised and butt raised. Client may become dizzy do not leave them alone. For rectal or vaginal examinations

A

Knee chest

Genupectoral

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19
Q

Supine with legs separated and feet on stirrups

A

Dorsal lithotomy

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20
Q

Permanently shortened muscles due to lack of use , tissues becomes tight and lose elasticity making deformities

A

Contractures

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21
Q

A type of contracture where perioneal nerve is damaged resulting in paralysis and permanent planter flex ion of the foot, cannot put heel on floor to walk

A

Foot drop

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22
Q

Name three preventative measure for Contractures

A

Hand tools for hands
Slanted foot board
Trochanter rolls placed on. Each side of legs and hips

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23
Q

Standing with chest head and arms on table usually during prostate examination

A

Modified standing

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24
Lying on right side with knees up and back exposed. Spinal fluid exam. Spinal anesthesia . Drug administration
Lumbar puncture
25
Head lower than feet Promotes venous return Treatment of shock
Trendelenbergs
26
Head higher than feet Facilitates tube feeding Treatment in severe bleeding or head injury
Reverse trendelenberg
27
positioning a client you will need first a
Doctors order
28
These rolls are placed on each side of client to keep legs and feet from rolling out words causing deformities
Trochanter rolls
29
Dorsal recumbent
Supine
30
A person wearin heels all the time can develop
Foot drop
31
ROM
Range of motion
32
When nurse assists in ROM
Passive ROM
33
When client performs ROM
Active ROM
34
When ROM is done mechanically
Continuos passive motion
35
Decreasing angles between two bones
Flexion
36
Position that allows digestive and respiratory organs to function
Supine
37
A method of turning a client that keeps body straight in alignment Ex: pt with spinal cord injuries and back surgery
Log roll turn
38
ROM
Prevents immobility Prevents Contractures Prevents bed sores Joint deformities
39
Bending the leg at the hip
Flex ion
40
Flex and release of arm
Flexion | Hyper extension
41
Bending head back to look at ceiling or bending all the way up
Hyper extension
42
Bending hands down
Flexion
43
bending a body towards the dorsum (backwards) as in feet
Dorsiflexion
44
Pointing the toes outward or down
Planter flexion
45
Moving leg away from midline of body
Abduction
46
Moving leg towards mid line of body
Adduction
47
Moving extremeties in circular motion
Circumduction
48
Moving head side to side
Rotation
49
Turning the palm facing upward
Supination
50
Turning the palms face downward
Pronation
51
Turning the foot inward than outward
Inversion | Eversion
52
Moving jaw forward
Protraction
53
Moving jaw backwards
Retraction
54
Gets large muscles ready for walking | Clients tightens and release muscles
Isometrics
55
Can isometrics prevent Contractures
No
56
Isometrics routine
5 sets 5 secs 2 min rests
57
Continuous passive motion exercises are usually at the
Knee it hip
58
ROM usually after joint replacement or arthroscopic repair of a joint
Continuous Passive motion | CPM
59
PRN
Pain medication
60
Often 15 minutes before use of CPM machine give client
PRN
61
If client complains if pain
Stop and ask supervisor
62
Yellow ID band means
Fall risk
63
Fall risk assents are done by
RN
64
Why would a pt dangling feel light headed or dizzy
Orthostatic or postural hypotension
65
Orthodontic or postural hypotension
Temporary fall in blood pressure
66
Inability to move a part of the body
Paralysis
67
When do you encourage waking after surgery
Immediately to avoid immobility compications
68
If a client is in a chair an get lightheaded
Have them bend over at waist and lower their head
69
If a client becomes light heading during ambulation
help lean them into wall or ease them down to ground
70
Conditioning and strengthen exercise before walking to help client regain feeling in foot
Press feet down on foot stool
71
Came is held on clients
Strong side
72
Three types of canes
Straight leg Tripod Quad
73
Walkers with wheels are harder to use than ones with rubber feet Why?
Doesn't stay in place harder to support client
74
Traditional crutch
Axillary
75
People with multiple sclerosis or polio use what type of crutches
Loftstrand
76
Most supportive crutch
Rocker crutch
77
Crutches should be how many inches away from feet?
6 inches
78
How far from axillae should crutches be
Two to three finger widths
79
Manner or style of walking that an md will determine for client
Gait
80
Client is partially weight bearing on both legs
Two point gait
81
Each crutch an only one leg support weight
Three point gait
82
Each crutch and each leg move separately
4 point gait
83
Clients stands on strong leg moves both crutches forward the same distance and swings himself forward
Swing through tripod gait
84
Paralyzed from the waist down
Paraplegia
85
Paralyzed on one side of the body
Hemiplegia
86
You can move an immobile client two ways
Transfer board | Lifting sheet
87
A frame used to prevent bedclothes from touching all or part of a persons body
Bed cradle
88
Unoccupied bed
Closed bed
89
A foam pad shaped like an egg carton provides comfort, Contractures , immobility or skin wounds
Egg crate mattress
90
Mattress or pad filled with a gel type material which supports the body in a way to provide comfort and avoid creating pressure points
Flotation mattresses
91
Vertical support at foot of bed
Footboard
92
Contracture deformity that prevents the client from putting heel on floor abnormal planter flexion of foot
Foot board
93
Bed that allows linens to be turned down
Open bed
94
Bed prepared for a client who is returning from surgery. Requires transfer from wheelchair or stretcher
Postoperative beds
95
Exertion of pulling force: an apparatus attached to the client to maintain stability of a joint or aligned fracture or to exert a pulling force elsewhere, as in lower back to receive pressure
Traction
96
Bar suspended over bed for client to lift themselves with
Trapeze
97
Food lodged in mouth can cause
Decay Halitosis Pyorrhea peridontitis
98
Pyorrhea | Peridontitis
Inflammation of tooth sockets
99
Dry mouth can cause
Sordes
100
Brownish deposits on tongue and mucous membrane
Sordes
101
If clients teeth are too sense rice use
Toothettes Tongue depressor Applicators
102
Do not hold dentures over hard surface
True
103
Where to place denture
Opaque container | Labeled with clients name and rm #
104
Who can remove contact lenses
Client or family member
105
Remove client dentures before
Surgery
106
Cerumen
Earwax
107
Can a LPN use q tip in client
No
108
Dried secretions may be removed with
Gauze or cotton ball
109
Never cut nails or toe nails for clients with
Diabetes or hemophilia
110
To cut toe nails you need
Md order
111
Thickened and raise bed nails can be a sign of
Infection
112
Foot soaks are good for which types of clients
Edema | Foot infections
113
hair shampoo requires
Md order
114
Pediculosis
Lice

LPN Level 1 (19 decks)

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