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LPN Level 1 > Fund 48, 49, 50 > Flashcards

Fund 48, 49, 50 Flashcards

0
Q

Applying the mechanical principles of movement to the human body to promote the safest method of moving and lifting

A

Body mechanics

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1
Q

Three principles of body mechanics

A

Center of gravity
Line of gravity
Base of support

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2
Q

Center of gravity is located

A

Pelvic area

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3
Q

When half of body weight is distributed below the pelvic area and the other above

A

Center of gravity

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4
Q

The wider the base the more

A

Stable the support

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5
Q

Where is the base of support located

A

In your feet

Feet apart

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6
Q

Imaginary vertical line through the top of the head down to the feet, this is the direction of gravitational pull from head to feet

A

Line of gravity

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7
Q

Instead of lifting heavy objects

A

Push pull or roll

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8
Q

Avoid reaching or over extending

A

.

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9
Q

Blood clots , pressure ulcers, constipation , muscle breaking and atrophy , pneumonia, joint deformities, mental disorders , anxiety, confusion, isolation, depression can all happen if a person has no

A

Mobility

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10
Q

Back lying legs extended or slightly bent. Arms up or down. Maybe uncomfortable for client with back problem

A

Supine

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11
Q 
Laying on abdomen straight
Examination of spine back
Not good for pregnant women
Abnormal Breathing clients
Or obese client
A

Prone position

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12
Q

Side lying
Client positioned for extended lying periods
More comfortable than prone

A

Lateral position

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13
Q

Side/stomach lying, upper knee flexed ,

Difficulty for clients with arthritis or leg injuries

A

Sims position

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14
Q

Supine with head raised

Promotes drainage, assists with breathing, prep for dangling or walking. Watch for dizziness or fainting

A

Fowlers

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15
Q

Sitting at a 30-45 degree angle

A

Semi Fowlers

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16
Q

Sitting at a 90 degree angle

A

High Fowlers

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17
Q

High Fowlers but leaning on overbed table ,facilitates breathing with patients with severe cardiac or respiratory disorders

A

Orthopneic

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18
Q

Client on knees with chest raised and butt raised. Client may become dizzy do not leave them alone. For rectal or vaginal examinations

A

Knee chest

Genupectoral

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19
Q

Supine with legs separated and feet on stirrups

A

Dorsal lithotomy

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20
Q

Permanently shortened muscles due to lack of use , tissues becomes tight and lose elasticity making deformities

A

Contractures

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21
Q

A type of contracture where perioneal nerve is damaged resulting in paralysis and permanent planter flex ion of the foot, cannot put heel on floor to walk

A

Foot drop

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22
Q

Name three preventative measure for Contractures

A

Hand tools for hands
Slanted foot board
Trochanter rolls placed on. Each side of legs and hips

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23
Q

Standing with chest head and arms on table usually during prostate examination

A

Modified standing

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24
Q

Lying on right side with knees up and back exposed. Spinal fluid exam. Spinal anesthesia . Drug administration

A

Lumbar puncture

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25
Q

Head lower than feet
Promotes venous return
Treatment of shock

A

Trendelenbergs

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26
Q

Head higher than feet
Facilitates tube feeding
Treatment in severe bleeding or head injury

A

Reverse trendelenberg

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27
Q

positioning a client you will need first a

A

Doctors order

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28
Q

These rolls are placed on each side of client to keep legs and feet from rolling out words causing deformities

A

Trochanter rolls

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29
Q

Dorsal recumbent

A

Supine

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30
Q

A person wearin heels all the time can develop

A

Foot drop

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31
Q

ROM

A

Range of motion

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32
Q

When nurse assists in ROM

A

Passive ROM

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33
Q

When client performs ROM

A

Active ROM

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34
Q

When ROM is done mechanically

A

Continuos passive motion

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35
Q

Decreasing angles between two bones

A

Flexion

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36
Q

Position that allows digestive and respiratory organs to function

A

Supine

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37
Q

A method of turning a client that keeps body straight in alignment
Ex: pt with spinal cord injuries and back surgery

A

Log roll turn

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38
Q

ROM

A

Prevents immobility
Prevents Contractures
Prevents bed sores
Joint deformities

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39
Q

Bending the leg at the hip

A

Flex ion

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40
Q

Flex and release of arm

A

Flexion

Hyper extension

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41
Q

Bending head back to look at ceiling or bending all the way up

A

Hyper extension

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42
Q

Bending hands down

A

Flexion

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43
Q

bending a body towards the dorsum (backwards) as in feet

A

Dorsiflexion

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44
Q

Pointing the toes outward or down

A

Planter flexion

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45
Q

Moving leg away from midline of body

A

Abduction

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46
Q

Moving leg towards mid line of body

A

Adduction

47
Q

Moving extremeties in circular motion

A

Circumduction

48
Q

Moving head side to side

A

Rotation

49
Q

Turning the palm facing upward

A

Supination

50
Q

Turning the palms face downward

A

Pronation

51
Q

Turning the foot inward than outward

A

Inversion

Eversion

52
Q

Moving jaw forward

A

Protraction

53
Q

Moving jaw backwards

A

Retraction

54
Q

Gets large muscles ready for walking

Clients tightens and release muscles

A

Isometrics

55
Q

Can isometrics prevent Contractures

A

No

56
Q

Isometrics routine

A

5 sets
5 secs
2 min rests

57
Q

Continuous passive motion exercises are usually at the

A

Knee it hip

58
Q

ROM usually after joint replacement or arthroscopic repair of a joint

A

Continuous Passive motion

CPM

59
Q

PRN

A

Pain medication

60
Q

Often 15 minutes before use of CPM machine give client

A

PRN

61
Q

If client complains if pain

A

Stop and ask supervisor

62
Q

Yellow ID band means

A

Fall risk

63
Q

Fall risk assents are done by

A

RN

64
Q

Why would a pt dangling feel light headed or dizzy

A

Orthostatic or postural hypotension

65
Q

Orthodontic or postural hypotension

A

Temporary fall in blood pressure

66
Q

Inability to move a part of the body

A

Paralysis

67
Q

When do you encourage waking after surgery

A

Immediately to avoid immobility compications

68
Q

If a client is in a chair an get lightheaded

A

Have them bend over at waist and lower their head

69
Q

If a client becomes light heading during ambulation

A

help lean them into wall or ease them down to ground

70
Q

Conditioning and strengthen exercise before walking to help client regain feeling in foot

A

Press feet down on foot stool

71
Q

Came is held on clients

A

Strong side

72
Q

Three types of canes

A

Straight leg
Tripod
Quad

73
Q

Walkers with wheels are harder to use than ones with rubber feet
Why?

A

Doesn’t stay in place harder to support client

74
Q

Traditional crutch

A

Axillary

75
Q

People with multiple sclerosis or polio use what type of crutches

A

Loftstrand

76
Q

Most supportive crutch

A

Rocker crutch

77
Q

Crutches should be how many inches away from feet?

A

6 inches

78
Q

How far from axillae should crutches be

A

Two to three finger widths

79
Q

Manner or style of walking that an md will determine for client

A

Gait

80
Q

Client is partially weight bearing on both legs

A

Two point gait

81
Q

Each crutch an only one leg support weight

A

Three point gait

82
Q

Each crutch and each leg move separately

A

4 point gait

83
Q

Clients stands on strong leg moves both crutches forward the same distance and swings himself forward

A

Swing through tripod gait

84
Q

Paralyzed from the waist down

A

Paraplegia

85
Q

Paralyzed on one side of the body

A

Hemiplegia

86
Q

You can move an immobile client two ways

A

Transfer board

Lifting sheet

87
Q

A frame used to prevent bedclothes from touching all or part of a persons body

A

Bed cradle

88
Q

Unoccupied bed

A

Closed bed

89
Q

A foam pad shaped like an egg carton provides comfort, Contractures , immobility or skin wounds

A

Egg crate mattress

90
Q

Mattress or pad filled with a gel type material which supports the body in a way to provide comfort and avoid creating pressure points

A

Flotation mattresses

91
Q

Vertical support at foot of bed

A

Footboard

92
Q

Contracture deformity that prevents the client from putting heel on floor abnormal planter flexion of foot

A

Foot board

93
Q

Bed that allows linens to be turned down

A

Open bed

94
Q

Bed prepared for a client who is returning from surgery. Requires transfer from wheelchair or stretcher

A

Postoperative beds

95
Q

Exertion of pulling force: an apparatus attached to the client to maintain stability of a joint or aligned fracture or to exert a pulling force elsewhere, as in lower back to receive pressure

A

Traction

96
Q

Bar suspended over bed for client to lift themselves with

A

Trapeze

97
Q

Food lodged in mouth can cause

A

Decay
Halitosis
Pyorrhea peridontitis

98
Q

Pyorrhea

Peridontitis

A

Inflammation of tooth sockets

99
Q

Dry mouth can cause

A

Sordes

100
Q

Brownish deposits on tongue and mucous membrane

A

Sordes

101
Q

If clients teeth are too sense rice use

A

Toothettes
Tongue depressor
Applicators

102
Q

Do not hold dentures over hard surface

A

True

103
Q

Where to place denture

A

Opaque container

Labeled with clients name and rm #

104
Q

Who can remove contact lenses

A

Client or family member

105
Q

Remove client dentures before

A

Surgery

106
Q

Cerumen

A

Earwax

107
Q

Can a LPN use q tip in client

A

No

108
Q

Dried secretions may be removed with

A

Gauze or cotton ball

109
Q

Never cut nails or toe nails for clients with

A

Diabetes or hemophilia

110
Q

To cut toe nails you need

A

Md order

111
Q

Thickened and raise bed nails can be a sign of

A

Infection

112
Q

Foot soaks are good for which types of clients

A

Edema

Foot infections

113
Q

hair shampoo requires

A

Md order

114
Q

Pediculosis

A

Lice

LPN Level 1 (19 decks)

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