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LPN Level 1 > A&P 25 > Flashcards

A&P 25 Flashcards

0
Q

Name 4 protective measures the respiratory system takes

A
  • warms and moistens air before entering lungs
  • mucus in nose traps foreign particles
  • coughing and sneezing dislodges foreign particles
  • yawning and swallowing helps equalize ear pressure
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1
Q

Name four functions of the respiratory system

A

1- O2 and CO2 exchange
2-regulates body’s PH
3- protection
4- speech production

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2
Q

Nares

A

Nostrils

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3
Q 
Nose 
Sinuses
Pharynx
Larynx
And trachea are all part of the
A

Upper respiratory tract

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4
Q

A structure consisting of bone an cartilage that divides the internal nose into two sides or cavities

A

Nasal septum

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5
Q

Nerve endings in the septum that carries sense if smell impulses to the brain called

A

Olfactory nerve

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6
Q

What lines the nasal cavity and supplies blood vessels and aids in warming air as it enters the lungs

A

Mucous membranes

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7
Q

Hair and cilia functions

A

Remove foreign particles

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8
Q

Name for sinuses

A

Frontal
Maxillary
Ethmoid all
Spenoidal

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9
Q

Frontal sinuses are found

A

Above the eye socket

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10
Q

Maxillary sinuses are found

A

On each side if the nose

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11
Q

Ethmoidal sinuses are found

A

Between the eyes

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12
Q

Sphenoidal sinuses are found

A

On each side of nasal cavity

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13
Q 
Another name for the throat 
Separates into
Nasopharynx
&
Oropharynx
A

Pharynx

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14
Q

passageway for air only

Contains adenoids : pharyngeal tonsils

A

Nasopharynx

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15
Q

Carries food to the esophagus and air to the trachea

Contains palatine tonsils and linguinal tonsils

A

Oropharynx

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16
Q

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
And adenoids all aid

A

In immunity to foreign objects

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17
Q

The pharynx consists of

A

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Palatine tonsil

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18
Q

Trap door cartilage
Guards the entrance into the larynx. Closes when swallowing preventing food from entering into the lower respiratory system

A

Epiglottis

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19
Q

Contains the true vocal chords located within the larynx

A

Glottis

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20
Q

Contains

Thyroid glands and vocal chords and laryngeal prominence (thyroid cartilage)

A

Larynx

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21
Q

Another name for thyroid cartilage or laryngeal prominence

A

Adam’s apple

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22
Q

Cartilage function in the larynx or trachea is to

A

Keep airway open at all times

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23
Q

Two thin triangle shape reed like folds in the trachea. Produce sound

A

Vocal chords

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24
Another name for the larynx
Voice box
25
Another name for the trachea
Wind pipe
26
Air passes from the larynx to the
Trachea
27
Consists of c shaped hyaline cartilage an connective tissue which lines all the way to the cheat cavity behind the heart
Trachea
28
Lower respiratory tract consist of
Bronchi and the lungs
29
As the trachea enters into the thoracic cavity it divides into two smaller tubes called
Bronchi
30
As bronchi become smaller their walls become thinner the amount of cartilage decreases an they become
Bronchioles
31
At the end of the bronchioles are the
Alveoli
32
Alveolar ducts look like
Stems
33
Alveolar ducts look like
Grapes
34
The walls of the alveoli are composed of a single layer if cells called
Surfactant
35
Helps to prevent the alveolar walls from collapsing between breathes. Single layer of phospholipids
Surfactant
36
The top area of the lung is called
Apex
37
The bottom later of the lung is called
Base
38
The lung consists of three lobes Upper Middle Lower
Right lung
39
This lung consists of two lobes
Left lung
40
Area between the lung and the thorax
Mediastinum
41
Smooth double layered serous membrane sac covering the lungs
Pleura
42
Inner layer of the pleura
Visceral pleura
43
Middle layer of the pleura consists of pleural fluid
Pleural cavity/space
44
Outer layer of pleura
Parietal layer
45
Inflammation of the pleura
Pleurisy
46
Mechanical process of respiration that moves air to and from the alveoli
Ventilation
47
Inspiration
Breathing in
48
Expiration
Breathing out
49
Breaks up surface tension in the lung | Reduces friction and preserves the elastic property of lung tissue
Surfactant secreted by the alveoli
50
The heart lies in a impression called
Cardiac notch or cardiac impression
51
Done shaped muscle separating the thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
Diaphragm
52
Normal breathing
Eupnea
53
Difficulty breathing
Dyspnea
54
No breathing
Apnea
55
Dyspnea only when a person is lying down when a person sits up it is relieved
Orthopnea
56
Average Respirations
12-20 RPM
57
These muscles are located in between the ribs. You can find the apical heart beat between the 5th....
Intercostal muscles
58
Dying inhalation the diaphragm presses
Downward and forward
59
During exhalation the diaphragm
Rises to resting normal position
60
External respiration
Lung breathing Pulmonary respiration Within alveoli of lungs
61
Internal respiration
Cellular respiration | Cellular breathing
62
Metabolism waste product
Carbon dioxide
63
During exhalation these ions are released through the lungs into the air to maintain homeostasis and fluid balance
Bicarbonate | Water&carbon dioxide
64
Involuntary control center of respiration
Medulla & pons
65
Controls depth and rate of respiration
Medulla
66
Produces normal breathing rythm
Pons
67
Phonate
Speak
68
effects of aging on the respiratory system
Lose elasticity over time | Chest walls become stiffer and lungs don't expand as much
69
protective reflex does not work when a person is
Unconscious
70
The volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath
Tidal volume
71
Tidal volume
500ml
72
The max volume of air that can be inhaled after normal inhalation
IRV | Inspiratory reserve
73
The max volume of air that can be exhaled forcibly after normal exhalation
Exploratory reserve | ERV
74
The volume of air remaining in te Luna after max exhalation
Residual volume | RV

LPN Level 1 (19 decks)

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