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LPN Level 1 > A&P 25 > Flashcards

A&P 25 Flashcards

0
Q

Name 4 protective measures the respiratory system takes

A
  • warms and moistens air before entering lungs
  • mucus in nose traps foreign particles
  • coughing and sneezing dislodges foreign particles
  • yawning and swallowing helps equalize ear pressure
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1
Q

Name four functions of the respiratory system

A

1- O2 and CO2 exchange
2-regulates body’s PH
3- protection
4- speech production

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2
Q

Nares

A

Nostrils

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3
Q 
Nose 
Sinuses
Pharynx
Larynx
And trachea are all part of the
A

Upper respiratory tract

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4
Q

A structure consisting of bone an cartilage that divides the internal nose into two sides or cavities

A

Nasal septum

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5
Q

Nerve endings in the septum that carries sense if smell impulses to the brain called

A

Olfactory nerve

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6
Q

What lines the nasal cavity and supplies blood vessels and aids in warming air as it enters the lungs

A

Mucous membranes

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7
Q

Hair and cilia functions

A

Remove foreign particles

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8
Q

Name for sinuses

A

Frontal
Maxillary
Ethmoid all
Spenoidal

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9
Q

Frontal sinuses are found

A

Above the eye socket

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10
Q

Maxillary sinuses are found

A

On each side if the nose

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11
Q

Ethmoidal sinuses are found

A

Between the eyes

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12
Q

Sphenoidal sinuses are found

A

On each side of nasal cavity

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13
Q 
Another name for the throat 
Separates into
Nasopharynx
&
Oropharynx
A

Pharynx

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14
Q

passageway for air only

Contains adenoids : pharyngeal tonsils

A

Nasopharynx

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15
Q

Carries food to the esophagus and air to the trachea

Contains palatine tonsils and linguinal tonsils

A

Oropharynx

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16
Q

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
And adenoids all aid

A

In immunity to foreign objects

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17
Q

The pharynx consists of

A

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Palatine tonsil

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18
Q

Trap door cartilage
Guards the entrance into the larynx. Closes when swallowing preventing food from entering into the lower respiratory system

A

Epiglottis

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19
Q

Contains the true vocal chords located within the larynx

A

Glottis

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20
Q

Contains

Thyroid glands and vocal chords and laryngeal prominence (thyroid cartilage)

A

Larynx

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21
Q

Another name for thyroid cartilage or laryngeal prominence

A

Adam’s apple

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22
Q

Cartilage function in the larynx or trachea is to

A

Keep airway open at all times

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23
Q

Two thin triangle shape reed like folds in the trachea. Produce sound

A

Vocal chords

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24
Q

Another name for the larynx

A

Voice box

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25
Q

Another name for the trachea

A

Wind pipe

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26
Q

Air passes from the larynx to the

A

Trachea

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27
Q

Consists of c shaped hyaline cartilage an connective tissue which lines all the way to the cheat cavity behind the heart

A

Trachea

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28
Q

Lower respiratory tract consist of

A

Bronchi and the lungs

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29
Q

As the trachea enters into the thoracic cavity it divides into two smaller tubes called

A

Bronchi

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30
Q

As bronchi become smaller their walls become thinner the amount of cartilage decreases an they become

A

Bronchioles

31
Q

At the end of the bronchioles are the

A

Alveoli

32
Q

Alveolar ducts look like

A

Stems

33
Q

Alveolar ducts look like

A

Grapes

34
Q

The walls of the alveoli are composed of a single layer if cells called

A

Surfactant

35
Q

Helps to prevent the alveolar walls from collapsing between breathes.
Single layer of phospholipids

A

Surfactant

36
Q

The top area of the lung is called

A

Apex

37
Q

The bottom later of the lung is called

A

Base

38
Q

The lung consists of three lobes
Upper
Middle
Lower

A

Right lung

39
Q

This lung consists of two lobes

A

Left lung

40
Q

Area between the lung and the thorax

A

Mediastinum

41
Q

Smooth double layered serous membrane sac covering the lungs

A

Pleura

42
Q

Inner layer of the pleura

A

Visceral pleura

43
Q

Middle layer of the pleura consists of pleural fluid

A

Pleural cavity/space

44
Q

Outer layer of pleura

A

Parietal layer

45
Q

Inflammation of the pleura

A

Pleurisy

46
Q

Mechanical process of respiration that moves air to and from the alveoli

A

Ventilation

47
Q

Inspiration

A

Breathing in

48
Q

Expiration

A

Breathing out

49
Q

Breaks up surface tension in the lung

Reduces friction and preserves the elastic property of lung tissue

A

Surfactant secreted by the alveoli

50
Q

The heart lies in a impression called

A

Cardiac notch or cardiac impression

51
Q

Done shaped muscle separating the thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

A

Diaphragm

52
Q

Normal breathing

A

Eupnea

53
Q

Difficulty breathing

A

Dyspnea

54
Q

No breathing

A

Apnea

55
Q

Dyspnea only when a person is lying down when a person sits up it is relieved

A

Orthopnea

56
Q

Average Respirations

A

12-20 RPM

57
Q

These muscles are located in between the ribs. You can find the apical heart beat between the 5th….

A

Intercostal muscles

58
Q

Dying inhalation the diaphragm presses

A

Downward and forward

59
Q

During exhalation the diaphragm

A

Rises to resting normal position

60
Q

External respiration

A

Lung breathing
Pulmonary respiration
Within alveoli of lungs

61
Q

Internal respiration

A

Cellular respiration

Cellular breathing

62
Q

Metabolism waste product

A

Carbon dioxide

63
Q

During exhalation these ions are released through the lungs into the air to maintain homeostasis and fluid balance

A

Bicarbonate

Water&carbon dioxide

64
Q

Involuntary control center of respiration

A

Medulla & pons

65
Q

Controls depth and rate of respiration

A

Medulla

66
Q

Produces normal breathing rythm

A

Pons

67
Q

Phonate

A

Speak

68
Q

effects of aging on the respiratory system

A

Lose elasticity over time

Chest walls become stiffer and lungs don’t expand as much

69
Q

protective reflex does not work when a person is

A

Unconscious

70
Q

The volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath

A

Tidal volume

71
Q

Tidal volume

A

500ml

72
Q

The max volume of air that can be inhaled after normal inhalation

A

IRV

Inspiratory reserve

73
Q

The max volume of air that can be exhaled forcibly after normal exhalation

A

Exploratory reserve

ERV

74
Q

The volume of air remaining in te Luna after max exhalation

A

Residual volume

RV

LPN Level 1 (19 decks)

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