Fortified Wines Flashcards
Fortified Wines through out the world
France: VDN, Spain: Sherry, Malaga, Montilla Moriles, Condado de Huelva. Portugal: Port, Madeira, Setubal, Carcavelos, Pico. Italian: Marsala. Greece: specific PDO wines
Methods of fortification
Arresting fermentation w/ the addition of spirit (a la Port) creates a fortified wine w/ residual sugar. Adding spirit post fermentation (a la Sherry) creates a dry fortified wine, although sugar can also be added after fortification. Adding spirit to grape must prior to fermentation creates a mistelle or Vin de Liqueur rather than a fortified wine
French Vin de Liqueurs
Ratafia in Champagne, Pineau de Charantes in Cognac. Floc de Gascogne in Armagnac, Macvin de Jura in the Jura. Pommeau in Calvados
Macvin du Jura. Grapes, Producers
AOP for Vin de Liqueur in the Jura. Blanc: Chard &/or Savagnin. Rose/Rouge: PN, Poulsard &/or Trousseau. Henri Maire, Jean Bourdy, Berthet-Bondet
Floc de Gascogne. Grapes, Producers
AOP for VDL in Armagnac. Blanc: must be a blend, min 70% comb’d Colombard, Ugni Blanc, Gros Manseng. Rose: varietal or blend: CF, CS, Fer, Merl, Cot, max 50% Tannat. Laubade. Delord (Armagnac producers)
Pineau de Charentes
AOP for VDL in Cognac. Blanc: Ugni Blanc, Folle Blanche, Colombard. Rose/Rouge: CF, CS, Malbec, Merl. Chateau d’Orignac, Pierre Ferrand
Ratafia de Champagne
IGP for VDL in Champagne, new as of 2018
Pommeau
A VDL made in the Calvados region, in Normandy. Made by mixing apple juice w/ apple brandy
cadastro
Porto vineyard register
beneficio
the licensing of Port production granted to growers by the IVDP, dictates the maximum amount of wine that may be fortified in a given year—based on a matrix of twelve factors using a points system classification
IVDP
Instituto dos Vinhos do Douro e Porto, or Douro Port Wine Institute. a government run regulatory body that absorbed the powers of the Commissão Interprofessional da Região Demarcada do Douro in 2003, which in turn replaced the Casa do Douro in 1995. supervises the promotion, production, and trade of all Porto and Douro DOP wines. Both growers and shippers must submit to its authority. The IVDP requires Port houses to maintain compliance with the lei do terço. In addition, the IVDP guarantees label integrity and age designations, and samples all appellation wines for authenticity
The Casas do Douro
a syndicate of growers’ guilds established in 1932 that assumed control over the regulation of viticulture, lost many of its regulatory functions after it bought controlling shares in Royal Oporto, a port shipper and the surviving remnant of the Companhia Geral dos Vinhos do Alto Douro, the original oversight “company” established in the Douro in 1756
Companhia Geral dos Vinhos do Alto Douro
The original oversight company established when Douro was first demarcated in 1756.
lei do terco
“law of the third”, a decree enforced by the IVDP restricting sales of Port to one-third of a house’s total inventory annually
Beneficio Classification
Max 2031, hypothetical min -3129. Class A: >1200 Class B: 1001-1200, and so on every 200 points through Class I: minus 201-minus 400
Beneficio Classification Factors
- 7 for soils and climate: location (Cima corgo and part of Douro Superior +), altitude (up to 150 m +), exposure (south facing, site dependant +), bedrock (Schist soil +), rough matter (stony soils +), slope (higher inclination +) and shelter (more +). 5 for the vine: type of vine (recommended grapes +), planting density (min 3000 vines/ha for full pts), yield (max 55 hl/ha for full pts), training system (up to 0.8 m +, no pergolas), and vine age (older +, < 5yo not allowed)
Douro max Yields
Red: 55 hl/ha, White: 65 hl/ha
Socalcos
Stone terraces in Porto DOP, traditional vineyard layout
Patamares
Common Porto DOP vineyard layout, wide terraces with steep ramps, tractor friendly
Vinhos ao Alta
Newer Porto DOP vineyard layout in which the rows are panted vertically up and down the slope, achieves higher planting density
Porto preffered grapes and “top 5”
Touriga Nacional, Touriga Francesa, Tinta Roriz, Tinta Cão, Tinta Barroca
Dow’s SQVP
Quinta do Bomfim (Cima Corgo)
Warre’s SQVP
Quinta da Cavadinha (Cima Corgo)
Taylor Fladgate SQVP
Quinta de Vargellas (Douro Superior)