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Chile Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

Chile region DOs

A

Atacama, Coquimbo, Aconcagua, Central Valley, Southern Region/Sur, Austral

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2
Q

Atacama subregion DOs

A

Copiapo Valley, Hausco Valley

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3
Q

Coquimbo subregion DOs

A

Elqui Valley, Limari Valley, Choapa Valley

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4
Q

Aconcagua subregion DOs

A

Aconcagua Valley, Casablanaca Valley, San Antonio Valley

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5
Q

San Antonio DO zones

A

Leyda Valley, Lo Abarca

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6
Q

Central Valley subregion DOs

A

Maipo Valley, Rapel Valley, Curico Valley, Maule Valley

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7
Q

Maipo Valley DO zones

A

none

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8
Q

Rapel Valley DO zones

A

Cachapoal Valley, Colchagua Valley

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9
Q

Curico Valley DO zones

A

Teno Valley, Lontue Valley

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10
Q

Maule Valley DO zones

A

Claro Valley, Loncomilla Valley, Tutuven Valley

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11
Q

Southern Regions/Sur subregion DOs

A

Itata Valley, Bio Bio Valley, Malleco Valley

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12
Q

Asutral subregion DOs

A

Cautin Valley, Osorno Valley

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13
Q

Chile northmost and souhmost wine regions

A

North: Copiapo Valley in Atacama. South: Osorno Valley in the Austral

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14
Q

Copiapo Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in Atacama DO (& AR). Northmost wine region in Chile

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15
Q

Hausco Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in Atacama DO (& AR)

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16
Q

Elqui Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in Coquimbo DO (& AR), along the Elqui River. Major towns: La Serena. Very dry, high altitude, some of the highest vineyards in Chile, reach 6400 ft. Syrah, CS, SB. Location of several inernational observatories, Earth’s strongest magnetic force found here.

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17
Q

Limari Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in Coquimbo DO (& AR)along the Limari river. major town: Ovalle. Hot and dry, rare Limestone near the cool coast good for Chard. Also Syrah here. Birthplace of Chilean Pisco

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18
Q

Choapa Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in Coquimbo DO (& AR), along the Choapa river, Major towns: Illapel. No wineries in the area. CS, Syrah

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19
Q

Aconcagua Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in the Aconcagua DO (Valparaiso AR), along the Aconcagua river. Major towns: Los Andes, San Felipe, Valparaiso. Vines in all 3 sectors, Sun-scorched, hot inland. CS, Syrah, Carm

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20
Q

Aconcagua Valley important DO areas

A

Panquehue, more moderate climate

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21
Q

Panquehue

A

Chile area DO in the Aconcagua Valley DO

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22
Q

Casablanca Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in Aconcagua DO (Valparaiso AR), all Costa. Major towns: Casablanca. Mostly whites: SB, Chard, also PN

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23
Q

San Antonio Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in Aconcagua DO (Valparaiso AR), 2 DO zones: Leyda Valley, Lo Abarca. Major towns: San Antonio. Mostly whites: SB

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24
Q

Maipo Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in the Central Valley DO (Santiago AR). Major towns: Santiago (nation’s capital). All EC and Andes, unoffcial subzones: Alto Maipo (above 400-600m), Medio Maipo, Maipo Costa/Maipo Baja (low lying areas in the SW). Half planted to CS, especially in the Alto. more Carmenere in the Medio

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25
Q

Maipo Valley important DO areas

A

Puente Alto (Andes), Pirque (Andes), Isla de Maipo (EC), Alhue (EC)

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26
Q

Rapel Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in the Central Valley DO (O’Higgins AR). 2 DO zones: Cachapoal Valley, Colchagua Valley. Major towns: Rancagua, San Fernando. Largest acreage in Chile

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27
Q

Curico Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in the Central Valley DO (Maule AR). 2 DO zones: Teno Valley, Lontue Valley, no meaningful distinction between the zones, rarely seen on labels. Major towns: Curico. Cooler than Rapel and Maipo, more whites planted, CS most planted, then SB (much is probably SV)

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28
Q

Maule Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in the Central Valley DO (Maule AR). 3 DO zones: Claro Valley, Loncomilla Valley, Tutuven Valley. Major towns: Talca, Linares, Caquenes. Coastal and Andes begin to diminish in size here. Many vineyards are dry-farmed or use traditional furrow irrigation. VSP trellising popular here. 2nd Largest acreage in Chile after the Rapel Valley, 1/4 of production, almost every major producer srouce or own fruit here. CS most planted, Pais 2nd, CF does well. Old-vine Carignan, Malbec, and Semillon

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29
Q

Itata Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in Sur DO (Bio Bio AR). Major towns: Concepcion, Chillan. One of Chile’s most historic wine regions, center of the wine industry in the 1800’s. Pais most planted, sometimes 100 yo, bush vines common, almost everything is dry farmed. Old vine Moscatel de Alejandria and Cinsault from the rebuild after the 1939 Chillan earthquake. small family plots

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30
Q

Bio Bio Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in Sur DO (Bio Bio AR). Major towns: Los Angeles. Cooler and greener still than Itata. Pais, PN, Chard, SB, aromatic whites

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31
Q

Malleco Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in the Sur DO (La Araucanía AR). Major towns: Traguien, Angol. cool, rainy, windy, semi-continental climate. tiny production. PN, Chard. Heart of th conflict between the Chilean government and the native, opressed Mapuche people

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32
Q

Cautin Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in the Austral

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33
Q

Osorno Valley

A

Chile subregional DO in the Austral, southmost wine region in Chile

34
Q

When did winemaking arrive in Chile? Argentina?

A

From Mexico, the earliest bastion of viticulture in the Americas, the vine spread southward through other Spanish colonies, from Peru to Chile and Argentina by 1560.

35
Q

Claudio Gay

A

Frenchman, arrived in Chile in 1830 set up a Chilean repository of pre-phylloxera Vitis vinifera vines at the University of Chile’s Quinta Normal department

36
Q

Only country to remain 100% Phylloxera free

A

Chile

37
Q

Mission grape akas

A

Listan Prieto (Spain), Pais (Chile), Criolla Chica (Argentina). Pais is currently not allowed to be listed on bottles in Chile

38
Q

Chile Climate

A

Maritime. Climate varies drastically as one moves up and down the coast line and inland from the coast

39
Q

Humboldt

A

Cool maritime current from the Pacific and brings cool air into the Chilean Coastline and the Entre Cordilleras where river valleys break up the Coastal Ranges

40
Q

Chilean Wine Law

A

Est in 1995. The 75% rule: vintage, varietal, DO. many producers comply with the EU 85% standard for exporting. Select varieties permitted, Hybrids forbidden. min 11.5% abv

41
Q

Chile Reserva, Gran Reserva Labeling

A

Reserva (aka Reserva Especial): min 12% abv. Gran Reserva (aka Reserva Privada): min 12.5% abv, oak aging mandated

42
Q

Atacama climate

A

Desert, most suitable for Distillate. Irrigation is required

43
Q

Aconcagua DO climate

A

Sunny, dry, hot. Alluvial soils. Mostly reds: CS, Merl

44
Q

Aconcagua producers

A

Errazuriz (Panquehue), Sena, Vina von Siebenthal

45
Q

Chile DO system

A

enacted in 1995. 4 tiers: Region, Subregion, Zone, Area. Areas cover a single entire comuna. Revised in 2012 to include Costa, Entre Cordilleras, and Andes. Every Area resides in one of the 3 sectors and larger DOs can be labeled provided 85% of grapes sourced from the setor

46
Q

pipenos

A

Occasionally fizzy, often very fresh pipeños are deliciously drinkable, best chilled, and sometimes made from 100-, 200-, or 300-year old País vines

47
Q

Sena

A

Bordeaux Blend from Aconcagua Valley DO. A joint project between the Errazuriz family of Aconcagua Valley and Robert Mondavi, beat out Lafite and Margaux at the 2004 Berlin Tasting

48
Q

Berlin Tasting

A

In 2004, Eduardo Chadwick (Errazuriz) modeled a tasting after the Judgement in Paris pitting Chilean wines against Old World counterparts. Sena (Errazuriz-Mondavi Bordeaux blend from Aconcagua Valley) and Vinedo Chadwick (100% CS from Maipo Valley) beat out Lafite and Margaux

49
Q

Casablanca producers

A

Casas del Bosque, Morande, Veramonte

50
Q

Leyda Valley

A

Chile DO zone in San Antonio. Costa. Known for SB.

51
Q

Lo Abraca

A

Chile DO zone in central San Antonio, cooler, more maritime than Leyda

52
Q

San Antonio producers

A

Leyda, Casa Marin, Matetic

53
Q

Central Valley climate

A

warm, mediterranean

54
Q

Puente Alto

A

Chile DO area in Maipo Valley Andes, directly NE of Santiago. Home to the vineyards supplying Don Melchor, Vinedo Chadwick, and Almaviva. gravel soils

55
Q

Maipo Valley producers

A

Almaviva, Antiyal, Carmen, Cono Sur, Santa Carolina, Santa Rita, Vina Aquitania, Vinedo Chadwick

56
Q

Vinedo Chadwick

A

100% CS, Puente Alto DO, Maipo. Errazuriz. Beat out Lafite and Margaux at the 2004 Berlin Tasting

57
Q

Don Melchor

A

Varietal CS, Don Melchor Vyd, Puente Alto DO, Maipo. Concha Y Toro

58
Q

Almaviva

A

CS dominant Bordeaux blend w/ 15-30% Carm. Maipo DO. Joint venture between Concha Y Toro and Baroness Philippine de Rothschild (Mouton)

59
Q

Antiyal

A

Producer and name of their Prestige wine: Carm dominant blend + CS, Syrah, Maipo DO

60
Q

Cachapoal Valley

A

Chile DO zone in Rapel Valley. Between Maipo (N) and Colchagua (S), boxed in by the Coastal Ranges, no Costa, warmer than both. Carm, + CS, Syrah. Important area: Peumo DO especially for Carm

61
Q

Peumo

A

Chile DO Area in Cachapoal, Rapel Valley. Carmenere, home to Santa Carolina’s “Herencia” and Concha y Toro’s “Carmín de Peumo”

62
Q

Herencia

A

Carmenere, Peumo DO, Santa Carolina

63
Q

Carmin de Peumo

A

varietal Carmenere to CS, CF, Peumo DO, Concha Y Toro

64
Q

Cachapoal producers

A

Santa Carolina’s “Herencia” and Concha y Toro’s “Carmín de Peumo,” Altair, Clos de Fous

65
Q

Colchagua Valley

A

Chile DO zone in the Rapel Valley. Vineyards span Andes, EC, Costa, 2/3 of pantings in flat valley floor in EC. 3rd in acreage to Maule Valley and Rapel Valley as a whole. Carm, CS, Syrah, Merl. Important areas: Apalta (EC), Los Lingues (Andes), Marchingue (EC), Lolol (Costa)

66
Q

Colchagua producers

A

Casa Silva, Cono Sur, Lapostolle, Los Vascos, Vina Montes

67
Q

Apalta

A

Chile DO area in Colchagua Valley, EC. In the Coastal Ranges on granitic hills, slightly cooler. CS, Carm, Syrah. Home to Lapostolle’s “Clos Apalta” and Montes’ “Alpha M” recent new invenstement but old vines from the 1920’s here as well

68
Q

Clos Apalta

A

Bordeaux blend w/ Carm base + CS, Merl, sometimes PV. Apalta, Colchagua Valley DO. Lapostolle

69
Q

Alpha M

A

CS based Bordeaux blend. Apalta, Colchagua Valley DO. Montes

70
Q

Purple Angel

A

varietal Carm + PV, Apalta & Marchigue vineyards, Colchagua DO. Montes

71
Q

Casa Real

A

Varietal CS, Maipo Valley DO, Santa Rita

72
Q

Curico producers

A

Echeverria, San Pedro (Chile’s 2nd largest wine producer), Miguel Torres and his 100-year-old CS “Manso de Velasco” plot

73
Q

VIGNO

A

est after the devastating 2010 earthquake along the Maule coast. Producers in western Maule dedicated to the preservation of old vine Carignan, planted here during rebuilding after the devastating 1939 Chillan earthquake. In talks with the Chilean government over becoming the country’s first DOC

74
Q

cabeza

A

“head-trained” bush vines in Chile. old vine Carignan is trained this way

75
Q

VIGNO rules

A

To list VIGNO on the label: grapes from the delimited area in the secano interior of western Maule. min 85% Carignan, min 35 yo, remainder old-vine from Maule. All fruit must be dry farmed, head trained. min 2 years aging

76
Q

Sur DO climate

A

a transitional area where warm mediterranean climate gives way to cooler, rainier, more maritime climate. Temperate, greener less mountainous than the Central Valley, the Coastal mtns disappear at Concepcion, capital of Bio Bio

77
Q

Maule producers

A

The Garage Wine Co., Gilmore (both Vigno members)

78
Q

Malleco producers

A

Viña Aquitania’s “Sol de Sol” wines and Pedro Parra’s Clos des Fous

79
Q

Austral DO producers

A

Colchagua-based Casa Silva was the first to use Austral DO on a label, for wines from its Lake Ranco vineyards, 900 km south of Santiago, SB, Chard, PN

80
Q

World’s southmost vineyard

A

an experimental plot on the edge of the glacial Lake General Carrera and the Chilean tundra. Here, in the commune of Chile Chico, Undurraga’s Rafael Urrejola challenges all conventional thinking, growing grapes at the 46th parallel, but he has yet to release a commercial vintage.

Advanced Sommelier (44 decks)

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